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CLJ Logo CLJ Bulletin, Issue 2013, Vol 30
25 July 2013

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New This Week

1. Cases Of The Week

a) AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL ASSURANCE COMPANY LTD v. NADARAJAN SUBRAMANIAM

b) NG CHUAN HOCK v. TAN SRI MUSA DATO HJ HASSAN & ORS

c) PP lwn. MOHD SOUFI OMAR [2013] 1 SMC 254

d) JUDICIAL QUOTES

2. Latest Cases

a) Legal Network Series

b) CLJ 2013 Volume 5 (Part 4)

c) CLJ 2013 Volume 5 (Part 5)

3. Articles

a) Legal Network Series Article

4. Legislation Highlights

a) Principal Acts

b) Amending Acts

c) PU(A)

d) PU(B)


CASES OF THE WEEK

AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL ASSURANCE COMPANY LTD v. NADARAJAN SUBRAMANIAM
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
AZIAH ALI JCA; LIM YEE LAN JCA; MAH WENG KWAI JCA
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: W-02-2987-2010]
6 MAY 2013

INSURANCE: Duty of disclosure - Material non-disclosure - Discrepancy in estimated income of insured - Whether insured bound by warranty in proposal forms - Whether amounted to material non-disclosure or incorrect disclosure - Insurance Act 1996, ss. 149(4) & 150

INSURANCE: Accident insurance - Cause of death - Medical evidence - Whether death due to illness - Whether there was direct evidence of a fall - Whether beneficiary proved death caused by accident

NG CHUAN HOCK v. TAN SRI MUSA DATO HJ HASSAN & ORS
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
HISHAMUDIN MOHD YUNUS JCA; SYED AHMAD HELMY JCA; MOHD ZAWAWI SALLEH JCA
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: W-01-119-11-2011]
14 MARCH 2013

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: Rules of natural justice - Breach of - Dismissal - Disciplinary proceedings - Appellant dismissed from police force - Appellant asked to leave room when his witness was giving evidence before Investigation Committee - Whether appellant had knowledge as to what questions were put to his witness - Whether appellant had no opportunity to re-examine his witness - Whether a breach of natural justice - Public Officers (Conduct and Discipline) Regulations 1993, regs. 37(5) & 378B(3)

POLICE: Disciplinary proceedings - Dismissal - Setting up of Investigation Committee to obtain further clarification - Proceedings of - Appellant asked to leave room when his witness was giving evidence - Whether appellant had knowledge as to what questions were put to his witness - Whether appellant had no opportunity to re-examine his witness - Whether a breach of natural justice - Public Officers (Conduct and Discipline) Regulations 1993, regs. 37(5) & 37B(3)

PP lwn. MOHD SOUFI OMAR [2013] 1 SMC 254
MAHKAMAH SESYEN, TELUK INTAN
ADLI ABD GHALIB HS
[KES TANGKAP NO: 62-10-2-2012]
17 DISEMBER 2012


PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Pembelaan - Alibi - Penafian bahawa tertuduh berada di tempat kejadian - Sama ada prosedur memasukkan notis alibi di bawah s. 402A Kanun Tatacara Jenayah dipatuhi - Sama ada kegagalan mematuhi peruntukan s. 402A menjejaskan kes tertuduh

PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Hukuman - Faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan - Faktor-faktor memberatkan dan meringankan hukuman - Sama ada hukuman menurut undang-undang

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 395 - Rompakan - Sama ada unsur-unsur kesalahan dibuktikan - Sama ada kes prima facie dibuktikan - Sama ada pembelaan adalah fikiran kemudian - Sama ada pembelaan berjaya membangkitkan keraguan munasabah - Sama ada keterangan saksi-saksi konsisten - Sama ada pendakwaan berjaya membuktikan kes melampaui keraguan munasabah

JUDICIAL QUOTES

PP lwn. OOI WEN YONG [2008] 6 CLJ 438

[5] Isu: (i) Sama ada ianya terbuka untuk Majistret menggunapakai peruntukan s. 294 Kanun Tatacara Jenayah ('KTJ') untuk kesalahan di bawah s. 411 Kanun Keseksaan ('KK') (tidak menjatuhkan hukuman minima "tidak kurang dari enam bulan penjara"); (ii) sama ada Majistret khilaf apabila memerintahkan tertuduh: (a) melaksanakan bon berkelakuan baik selama tiga tahun dengan jaminan RM3,000, iaitu RM1,500 dengan jaminan dan RM1,500 tanpa jaminan, dan enam bulan penjara jika bon gagal dilaksanakan; dan (b) membayar kos pendakwaan sebanyak RM500.

"Mahkamah bersetuju dengan TPR bahawa kesalahan memiliki kereta curi di bawah s. 411 KK bukanlah satu kesalahan yang "trivial in nature" dan bahawa perintah bon, walau pun tidak menyalahi undang-undang, adalah lebih kepada memberatkan kepentingan tertuduh dan tidak mengimbangi kepentingan awam. Walaupun begitu, faktor-faktor yang diambilkira Majisteret dalam penghakimannya bukanlah sesuatu yang "manifestly wrong in the sense of being illegal or of being unsuitable to prove the facts and the circumstances". Selain itu, konsep budibicara kehakiman juga bermaksud "different judges applying the same principle at the same time in the same country to similar facts may sometime reach different conclusions." Oleh itu, walaupun mahkamah lebih berpihak kepada hukuman minima yang diperuntukkan dalam s. 411 KK, mahkamah tidak bercadang untuk mengganggu pilihan budibicara Majisteret dalam kes ini."

"Menjadi amalan seluruh mahkamah selama ini mensyaratkan penjamin bon mendepositkan jumlah wang jaminan di mahkamah. Tidak diketahui di bawah peruntukan undang-undang bertulis manakah amalan ini dilandaskan memandangkan s. 294 KTJ hanya menyebut "bond with or without surety" dan langsung tidak menyebut keperluan wang jaminan sebagai salah satu terma bon."

"Tidak jelas sama ada Majistret, dalam memerintahkan wang jaminan RM1,500 dengan jaminan dan RM1,500 tanpa jaminan, membuat perintah tersebut atas tanggapan beliau bahawa "with or without surety" di bawah s. 294 tersebut bermakna "dengan atau tanpa wang jaminan". Seperti yang disebut, s. 294 langsung tidak membuat rujukan kepada wang jaminan atau 'security' tetapi hanya 'surety' yang bermakna penjamin. Oleh itu, tidak timbul s. 294 membenarkan wang jaminan diperintahkan dalam bentuk "dengan atau tanpa penjamin". Apapun, terma cagaran yang dibuat Majistret ini hanya akan menyukarkan proses "forfeiture" di bawah s. 404 KTJ apabila ianya perlu dikuatkuasakan. Oleh itu, terma RM1,500 tanpa cagaran tersebut diketepikan dan diganti dengan jumlah yang sama dengan cagaran."

"Kos pendakwaan di bawah s. 294(2) KTJ bukan berbentuk penalti tetapi bermaksud kos yang benar-benar dibelanjakan oleh pihak pendakwaan termasuk pembayaran di atas kehadiran saksi-saksi. Oleh itu, peruntukan seksyen ini harus digunakan hanya dalam keadaan di mana pihak pendakwaan telah benar-benar mengeluarkan kos dalam pendakwaan ke atas tertuduh. Ia juga harus digunakan di mana terdapat maklumat dari pihak pendakwaan berkaitan jumlah kos tersebut. Dalam kes semasa, tiada maklumat mengenai kos sebenar yang ditanggung pendakwaan dan tidak diketahui dari mana Majistret mendapatkan jumlah RM500 tersebut sebagai kos pendakwaan. Maka berdasarkan fakta kes, mahkamah mengenepikan perintah kos pendakwaan tersebut." - Oleh Mohd Zaki Yasin H di dalam PP lwn. Ooi Wen Yong [2008] 6 CLJ 438.

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LATEST CASES

Legal Network Series

[2009] 1 LNS 1813

S SITHAMBARANATHAN v. LAWRENCE SU KEONG TEIK & ORS

INSURANCE: Claims - Medical policy - Plaintiff's claim rejected by 4th defendant due to purported non-disclosure that he was diabetic - Whether reason stated by 4th defendant was consistent with report prepared by 5th defendant - Whether decision made by 1st defendant to decline plaintiff's claim was based on the information available then - Whether any compelling evidence to infer that decision was made in furtherance of a conspiracy to defeat plaintiff's claim

TORT: Conspiracy to injure - Whether 1st to 4th defendants conspired with 5th defendant to create a false medical record to attribute disease of diabetes mellitus to plaintiff - Admission by 5th defendant that she made a mistake in giving the medical report of another person - Whether plaintiff's case sustainable - Whether defendants liable for unlawful interference with plaintiff's rights under the medical insurance policy - Whether there was a conspiracy by the defendants to injure and defraud plaintiff

[2009] 1 LNS 1814

YAP YIW SIN v. AWORNA SDN BHD & ORS

TORT: Defamation - Libel - Publication of newspaper articles - Whether words complained of in their natural and ordinary meaning were defamatory of plaintiff - First publication accompanied by three headlines - Whether words in three headlines referred to plaintiff - Whether an ordinary reader of the Morning Post on 24 February 2005 would have identified the words complained of as referring to the plaintiff - Whether first publication held plaintiff out to contempt from the public and was extremely damaging to his reputation - Whether second publication brought plaintiff to utter ridicule and contempt in the eyes of ordinary readers - Wide circulation of paper - Whether continuous publications greatly damaged plaintiff's reputation - Whether plaintiff proved its claim on a balance of probabilities against the defendants

TORT: Defamation - Libel - Defences of justification, fair comment and qualified privilege - Whether the words complained of in each of the publications qualified as fair comment - Whether defendants failed to establish defence of fair comment - Whether words complained of in second publication were qualified privilege - Whether words complained of in fourth publication were justified - Whether any truth in the imputations made against the plaintiff - Whether defences would be defeated by malice

TORT: Defamation - Libel - Malice - Whether defendants were actuated by malice towards the plaintiff when publishing the words complained of - Whether there was recklessness or absence of honest belief as to the truth of the matters published

[2009] 1 LNS 1815

HSBC BANK MALAYSIA BHD v. INNOVATION WOOD SDN BHD & ORS

CONTRACT: Variation - Breach - Whether there were variations of contract between plaintiffs and 2nd and 3rd defendants in breach of the First Letter of Offer - Whether 1st defendant had given absolute discretion to plaintiffs to vary terms of the first Letter of Offer - Payment of RM1.1 million by the plaintiffs towards 4th defendant's personal overdraft - Whether disbursement of loan other than for intended purpose of working capital constituted another variation in breach of plaintiff's Letter of Offer

CONTRACT: Guarantee - Liability of guarantor - Variation - Whether 2nd and 3rd defendants still liable under the letter of Guarantee - Whether necessary to obtain 2nd and 3rd defendants consent in respect of variations of the First Letter of Offer - Whether Clause 6 of the Guarantee contrary to s. 86 of the Contracts Act 1950 - Whether Clause 6 valid and binding on 2nd and 3rd defendants as guarantors - Whether 2nd and 3rd defendants estopped from complaining that variations were without their knowledge and consent

CONTRACT: Guarantee - Liability of guarantor - Resignation of 2nd and 3rd as directors of the 1st defendant - Whether 2nd and 3rd defendants released of their liability under the Guarantee

BANKING: Banker and customer - Duty of care - Whether plaintiffs negligent and in breach of fiduciary duty in disbursing loan without conditions precedent being fulfilled - Whether relationship between plaintiffs and 2nd and 3rd defendants fiduciary in nature - Whether duty on the directors of 1st defendant to ensure that disbursed sums were utilized properly - Whether absurd and onerous to expect plaintiffs to monitor the expenditure of the loan released

[2012] 1 LNS 23

BANK ISLAM MALAYSIA BERHAD v. TYCO FILM INDUSTRIES SDN BHD & ORS

CONTRACT: Agreement - Settlement agreement - Outstanding sums owed under First Agreement restructured into Tawarruq Facility upon 1st defendant's request - Whether First Facility Agreement was abrogated by the execution of Tawarruq Facility Agreement and defendants prevented from claiming damages under First Facility Agreement - Whether parties intended to extinguish the First Facility Agreement and to substitute Tawarruq Agreement in its place - Entire agreement clause - Whether both parties intended that only Tawarruq Agreement be enforceable - Contracts Act 1950, s. 63

CONTRACT: Validity - Guarantee Agreement - Whether null and void - Allegations of inducement and misrepresentation - Whether particulars of inducement and misrepresentation were given by defendants - Whether a bare allegation - No explanation of terms of agreement to 2nd to 5th defendants - Whether defendants obliged to seek independent legal advice before executing the same

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Summary judgment - Application for - No affidavit in reply filed by defendants - Whether all averments by plaintiff admitted by defendants - Reference to Defence and Counterclaim - Allegation of facts - Whether insufficient to set aside summary judgment application

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Striking out - Counterclaim - Locus of defendants to rely on the First Facility for their counter-claim - Whether defendants prevented from basing their claim on the First Facility - Whether counterclaim was obviously unsustainable, frivolous and vexatious

[2012] 1 LNS 32

UNICITY MARKETING SDN BHD v. NUTRIVIEW SDN BHD

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Security for costs - Security for defendant's costs - Appeal against dismissal of defendant's application - RM100,000.00 asked for as security for costs - Whether sum sought was manifestly excessive and oppressive - Whether amount of plaintiff's claim should be the sole or material factor to be considered in determining "sufficient security" - Whether RM20,000.00 was sufficient and adequate to defray defendant's costs if successful in his defence - Whether any higher sum would be oppressive to plaintiff and contrary to current trend of costs allowed

CLJ 2013 Volume 5 (Part 4)

COURT

FEDERAL COURT

Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ
(Agency; Company Law; Land Law - Power of Attorney - Validity - Winding up - Disposition of property - Charge - Sale of land) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Said Mir Bahrami v. Pengarah Penjara Sungai Buloh, Selangor
Raus Sharif PCA, Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Sulong Matjeraie FCJJ
(Criminal Procedure; Evidence - Extradition - Order for extradition by Minister - Whether law on extradition proceedings draconian) [2013] 5 CLJ 447 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Low Swee Siong v. Tan Siew Siew & Other Appeals
Zaleha Zahari, Azhar Ma'ah, Clement Skinner JJCA
(Civil Procedure; Family Law - Appeal - Contempt of court - Children - Custody) [2013] 5 CLJ 461 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Barbara Lim Cheng Sim v. Uptown Alliance (M) Sdn Bhd & Ors
Su Geok Yiam J
(Civil Procedure; Contract - Res judicata - Estoppel - Unequivocal representation) [2013] 5 CLJ 488 [HC]

Fatimah Hiew Yen Won & Anor v. Saroja Palaniappan & Anor
Abdul Rahman Sebli J
(Partnership - Termination - Dissolution of firm) [2013] 5 CLJ 522 [HC]

Lea Wah Enterprise Sdn Bhd v. Tai Sing Chu
Yew Jen Kie J
(Civil Procedure - Judgments and orders - Unless orders - Court functus officio) [2013] 5 CLJ 537 [HC]

Wahi Saidin & Ors v. Yang Dipertua Majlis Perbandaran Kulim & Ors
See Mee Chun JC
(Civil Procedure - Intervention - Application for) [2013] 5 CLJ 548 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

AGENCY

Power of Attorney - Capacity - Whether company could grant a power of attorney for valuable consideration and expressed to be irrevocable - Powers of Attorney Act 1949, s. 3(1)(a), s. 6(1)(a), First Schedule Form II - Companies Act 1965, s. 35(6)
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Power of Attorney - Validity - Irrevocable power of attorney given by company for valuable consideration - Whether may survive and remain valid upon winding up of donor company - Powers of Attorney Act 1949, s. 6(1)(a)
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appellate intervention - Whether justified - Whether matters material and relevant to issues before court taken into account
Low Swee Siong v. Tan Siew Siew & Other Appeals
(Zaleha Zahari, Azhar Ma'ah, Clement Skinner JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 461 [CA]

Contempt of court - Breach of terms of court order - Procedure - Husband taking child away from wife and refusing to return child to wife in breach of custody order - Whether contempt in the face of court - Whether leave required to commence contempt proceedings
Low Swee Siong v. Tan Siew Siew & Other Appeals
(Zaleha Zahari, Azhar Ma'ah, Clement Skinner JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 461 [CA]

Contempt of court - Breach of terms of court order - Whether party in contempt of court order should be heard by court - Husband taking child away from wife and refusing to return child to wife in breach of custody order - Whether breached and disobeyed custody order - Whether impeded course of justice - Whether husband properly prohibited from being heard in court - Rule in Wee Choo Keong v. MBf Holdings Berhad & Anor [1993] 3 CLJ 210
Low Swee Siong v. Tan Siew Siew & Other Appeals
(Zaleha Zahari, Azhar Ma'ah, Clement Skinner JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 461 [CA]

Intervention - Application for - Judicial review proceedings - Whether proposed intervener involved in decision making process - Test to be applied - Whether proposed intervener had 'direct interest' in judicial review proceedings - Whether intervention allowed - Rules of Court 2012, O. 53 r. 8
Wahi Saidin & Ors v. Yang Dipertua Majlis Perbandaran Kulim & Ors
(See Mee Chun JC) [2013] 5 CLJ 548 [HC]

Judgments and orders - Unless orders - Effect of - Whether disposed rights of parties - Whether rendered court functus officio - Whether court could still entertain application for extension of time
Lea Wah Enterprise Sdn Bhd v. Tai Sing Chu
(Yew Jen Kie J) [2013] 5 CLJ 537 [HC]

Particulars - Further and better particulars - Service out of time prescribed in court order - Whether against 'unless' order - Whether trial court functus officio - Whether rendered subsequent extension of time invalid - Whether intentional and contumelious flouting of Order
Lea Wah Enterprise Sdn Bhd v. Tai Sing Chu
(Yew Jen Kie J) [2013] 5 CLJ 537 [HC]

Res judicata - Estoppel - Reliance on documents filed in Industrial Court in subsequent civil action - Whether parties in Industrial Court expressly agreed to confidentiality of settlement - Whether reliance upon Industrial Court documents in civil suit prohibited by s. 23 Evidence Act 1950
Barbara Lim Cheng Sim v. Uptown Alliance (M) Sdn Bhd & Ors
(Su Geok Yiam J) [2013] 5 CLJ 488 [HC]

COMPANY LAW

Receivership - Winding up, effect of - Secured creditor's rights to dispose property - Irrevocable power of attorney granted by company to bank to deal with property - Whether company competent to create irrevocable power of attorney in favour of creditor - Whether power of attorney survived winding up - Powers of Attorney Act 1949, ss. 3, 6, First Sch
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Winding up - Disposition of property - Property of company charged to bank under National Land Code - Bank conferred power to sell property through irrevocable power of attorney in debenture - Property sold by bank after company wound up by third party - Whether sale by bank void - Whether sale subject to s. 223 of Companies Act 1965 - Whether bank merely exercising right to security - Whether bank obliged to deliver property to company - Whether irrevocable power of attorney in favour of bank nullified by winding up order - Companies Act 1965, ss. 223, 300(1)(b)(ii), 305(1) - Powers of Attorney Act 1949, ss. 3, 6
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Winding up - Disposition of property - Scope and effect of s. 223 of Companies Act 1965 - Whether s. 223 applies to disposal of assets charged as security - Whether realisation by secured creditor of assets of company charged as security falls within s. 223
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

CONTRACT

Estoppel - Unequivocal representation - Claimant agreed to out-of-court settlement of dispute in Industrial Court - Claimant would make no further claim related to or arising out of claim in Industrial Court - Whether claimant barred by estoppel and res judicata from relying upon documents filed in Industrial Court in subsequent civil action - Whether parties in Industrial Court expressly agreed to confidentiality of settlement - Whether reliance upon Industrial Court documents in civil suit prohibited by s. 23 Evidence Act 1950
Barbara Lim Cheng Sim v. Uptown Alliance (M) Sdn Bhd & Ors
(Su Geok Yiam J) [2013] 5 CLJ 488 [HC]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Extradition - Order for committal to prison pending extradition - Order for extradition by Minister - Validity - Whether law on extradition proceeding draconian - Whether depriving fugitive criminal of fundamental right to fair trial - Identification of fugitive criminal - Identification by way of photo board - Whether sufficient - Extradition Act 1992, s. 20(1)
Said Mir Bahrami v. Pengarah Penjara Sungai Buloh, Selangor
(Raus Sharif PCA, Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Sulong Matjeraie FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 447 [FC]

EVIDENCE

Identification evidence - Accused of, - Identification by way of photo board - Whether sufficient
Said Mir Bahrami v. Pengarah Penjara Sungai Buloh, Selangor
(Raus Sharif PCA, Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Sulong Matjeraie FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 447 [FC]

FAMILY LAW

Children - Custody - Access - Variation of court's orders on custody - Application by wife - Custody of child granted to husband by consent - Whether welfare and interest of child paramount consideration - Whether application compatible with best interest and welfare of child - Whether capable of forming and making known her own wishes
Low Swee Siong v. Tan Siew Siew & Other Appeals
(Zaleha Zahari, Azhar Ma'ah, Clement Skinner JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 461 [CA]

LAND LAW

Charge - Sale of land - Land charged to chargor under provisions of National Land Code - Land subject to power of sale conferred by irrevocable power of attorney in debenture in favour of chargor - Whether chargor obliged to comply with provisions for judicial sale under National Land Code - Whether provisions of Pt 16 Ch 3 of National Land Code applicable - Whether Kimlin Housing Development Sdn Bhd v. Bank Bumiputra (M) Bhd & Ors distinguished - National Land Code, Part 16, Ch 3
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Power of Attorney - Validity, of - Whether a company can grant a power of attorney for valuable consideration and expressed to be irrevocable - Whether irrevocable power of attorney granted by company may survive and remain valid upon winding up of donor company - Powers of Attorney Act 1949 s. 3(1)(a), s. 6(1)(a), First Schedule Form II - Companies Act 1965 s. 35(6)
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

Sale of land - Validity - Sale of company's land by bank acting under irrevocable power of attorney in debenture - Land charged to bank under provisions of National Land Code - Whether bank could sell land without resorting to procedure under National Land Code - Whether provisions of Pt 16 Ch 3 of National Land Code applicable - Whether Kimlin Housing Development Sdn Bhd v. Bank Bumiputra (M) Bhd & Ors distinguished - National Land Code, Part 16, Ch 3
Lim Eng Chuan Sdn Bhd v. United Malayan Banking Corporation & Anor
(Hashim Yusoff, Ahmad Maarop, Zainun Ali, Sulong Matjeraie, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 5 CLJ 425 [FC]

PARTNERSHIP

Termination - Dissolution - Dissolution of firm - Whether dissolution of partnership resulted in dissolution of firm as going concern - Whether there still exists any relation subsisting between persons carrying on business within meaning of ss. 3 and 6 of Partnership Act 1961 - Whether dissolution a general dissolution or technical dissolution - Partnership Act 1961, s. 34(1)(c) - Whether remaining partners could still carry on with business of firm and its name - Whether plaintiffs' claims sustainable
Fatimah Hiew Yen Won & Anor v. Saroja Palaniappan & Anor
(Abdul Rahman Sebli J) [2013] 5 CLJ 522 [HC]

CLJ 2013 Volume 5 (Part 5)

COURT

COURT OF APPEAL

Alan Setiawan v. PP
Sulong Matjeraie, Abdul Wahab Patail, Aziah Ali JJCA
(Criminal Law; Criminal Procedure - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Section 39B(1)(a) - Trafficking) [2013] 5 CLJ 553 [CA]

Koriah Sudar v. Pentadbir Tanah Kuala Langat
Azahar Mohamed, Lim Yee Lan, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA
(Land Law; Civil Procedure - Acquisition of land - Compensation) [2013] 5 CLJ 571 [CA]

Ng Chuan Hock v. Tan Sri Musa Dato Hj Hassan & Ors
Hishamudin Mohd Yunus, Syed Ahmad Helmy Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA
(Administrative Law; Police - Rules of natural justice - Breach of - Disciplinary proceedings) [2013] 5 CLJ 580 [CA]

SBB Securities Sdn Bhd v. Chan Kwan Foong
Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Anantham Kasinather JJCA
(Evidence; Securities - Shares - Trading account - Claim for contra losses) [2013] 5 CLJ 590 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Dato' Azizi Yom Ahmad & Anor v. Seacera Tiles Bhd & Ors
Mary Lim J
(Company Law - Shares - Legal and equitable ownership) [2013] 5 CLJ 605 [HC]

Khalip Bachik & Satu Lagi lwn. Pengarah Tanah Dan Galian Johor & Yang Lain
Zakiah Kassim PK
(Undang-undang Perlembagaan; Undang-undang Tanah - Hak-hak asasi - Tanah adat - Hak milik orang asli) [2013] 5 CLJ 639 [HC]

PP lwn. Raja Noor Asma Raja Harun
Kamardin Hashim H
(Prosedur Sivil; Undang-undang Jenayah - Penghakiman dan perintah - Kesan mengikat - Pelucuthakkan harta di bawah Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram dan Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan 2001) [2013] 5 CLJ 656 [HC]

The Ayer Molek Rubber Company Bhd lwn. Abdul Halim Yahya & Co
Rosilah Yop PK
(Keterangan; Profesion Guaman; Undang-undang Syarikat - Amalan guaman - Kapasiti pengarah) [2013] 5 CLJ 668 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Rules of natural justice - Breach of - Dismissal - Disciplinary proceedings - Appellant dismissed from police force - Appellant asked to leave room when his witness was giving evidence before Investigation Committee - Whether appellant had knowledge as to what questions were put to his witness - Whether appellant had no opportunity to re-examine his witness - Whether a breach of natural justice - Public Officers (Conduct and Discipline) Regulations 1993, regs. 37(5) & 378B(3)
Ng Chuan Hock v. Tan Sri Musa Dato Hj Hassan & Ors
(Hishamudin Mohd Yunus, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 580 [CA]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Decision of trial judge - Land acquisition - Whether statute expressly precludes appellant from appealing - Whether right to appeal a creature of statute - Whether appeal maintainable - Land Acquisition Act 1960, s. 40D - Courts of Judicature Act 1964, s. 69(1)(d)
Koriah Sudar v. Pentadbir Tanah Kuala Langat
(Azahar Mohamed, Lim Yee Lan, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 571 [CA]

COMPANY LAW

Shares - Legal and equitable ownership - Whether former shareholder had locus standi to maintain action - Whether sale of share agreement completed pending consideration - Whether sale of share agreement null and void - Whether defendant bore burden to prove actual notice of contravention - Companies Act 1965, s. 132C(3)
Dato' Azizi Yom Ahmad & Anor v. Seacera Tiles Bhd & Ors
(Mary Lim J) [2013] 5 CLJ 605 [HC]

CRIMINAL LAW

Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Section 39B(1)(a) - Trafficking in cannabis - Conviction and sentence - Appeal against - Discrepancies in date of arrest and weight of drugs - Whether discrepancies material errors - Whether reasonable doubt created as to identity of drug exhibit - Whether discrepancies left unexplained - Whether conviction safe
Alan Setiawan v. PP
(Sulong Matjeraie, Abdul Wahab Patail, Aziah Ali JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 553 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Defence - Failure to mention material part of defence at earlier stage - Existence of third party - Failure to provide information - Whether accused testimony credible - Whether trial judge erred in drawing adverse inference - Prima facie case - Whether established - Whether trial judge erred in calling upon defence
Alan Setiawan v. PP
(Sulong Matjeraie, Abdul Wahab Patail, Aziah Ali JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 553 [CA]

Judgments - Delay in writing - No specific finding on existence of third party in grounds of judgment - Decision of trial judge - Whether trial judge erred on facts and law - Whether appellate intervention required
Alan Setiawan v. PP
(Sulong Matjeraie, Abdul Wahab Patail, Aziah Ali JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 553 [CA]

EVIDENCE

Adverse inference - Failure to call witness - Stockbroking firm's claim for contra losses against client - Whether shares purchased on instruction of client to remisier - Whether remisier in best position to enlighten court - Whether failure to call remisier attracted adverse inference - Evidence Act 1950, s. 114(g)
SBB Securities Sdn Bhd v. Chan Kwan Foong
(Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Anantham Kasinather JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 590 [CA]

LAND LAW

Acquisition of land - Compensation - Appeal against decision of High Court - Whether statute expressly precludes appellant from appealing - Whether appeal maintainable - Land Acquisition Act 1960, s. 40D - Courts of Judicature Act 1964, s. 69(1)(d)
Koriah Sudar v. Pentadbir Tanah Kuala Langat
(Azahar Mohamed, Lim Yee Lan, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 571 [CA]

Acquisition of land - Compensation - Late payment charges - Appeal against decision of High Court - Interest payable on additional compensation awarded - Failure of trial judge to order payment of interest - Whether trial judge erred in his decision - Land Acquisition Act 1960, s. 48
Koriah Sudar v. Pentadbir Tanah Kuala Langat
(Azahar Mohamed, Lim Yee Lan, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 571 [CA]

POLICE

Disciplinary proceedings - Dismissal - Setting up of Investigation Committee to obtain further clarification - Proceedings of - Appellant asked to leave room when his witness was giving evidence - Whether appellant had knowledge as to what questions were put to his witness - Whether appellant had no opportunity to re-examine his witness - Whether a breach of natural justice - Public Officers (Conduct and Discipline) Regulations 1993, regs. 37(5) & 37B(3)
Ng Chuan Hock v. Tan Sri Musa Dato Hj Hassan & Ors
(Hishamudin Mohd Yunus, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 580 [CA]

SECURITIES

Remisier - Status and authority of remisier - Stockbroking firm's claim for contra losses against client - Whether shares purchased on instruction of client to remisier - Whether instruction given orally or in writing - Whether remisier called to testify - Whether documents for request of change of credit limit made and signed by remisier - Whether client aware of change of credit limit
SBB Securities Sdn Bhd v. Chan Kwan Foong
(Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Anantham Kasinather JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 590 [CA]

Shares - Trading account - Claim for contra losses - Stockbroking firm's claim for contra losses against client - Whether shares purchased on instruction or order of client - Whether instruction given orally or in writing - Whether remisier in charge called to testify - Whether purchase of shares within client's credit limit
SBB Securities Sdn Bhd v. Chan Kwan Foong
(Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Anantham Kasinather JJCA) [2013] 5 CLJ 590 [CA]

INDEKS PERKARA

KETERANGAN

Anggapan bertentangan - Kegagalan memanggil saksi-saksi material - Sama ada keterangan saksi memihak kepada defendan
The Ayer Molek Rubber Company Bhd lwn. Abdul Halim Yahya & Co
(Rosilah Yop PK) [2013] 5 CLJ 668 [HC]

PROFESION GUAMAN

Amalan guaman - Amalan dan kesopanan - Sama ada perlantikan sebagai peguam stakeholder adalah sah - Sama ada tugas peguamcara dilanggar - Sama ada peguamcara berhak menahan pelepasan baki dalam akaun pemegang amanah - Sama ada penyata akaun terperinci perlu direkodkan - Akta Profesion Undang-Undang, 1976, s. 94(3)(n) & (o) - Kaedah-Kaedah Akaun Peguamcara 1990, k. 11(2) & (3)
The Ayer Molek Rubber Company Bhd lwn. Abdul Halim Yahya & Co
(Rosilah Yop PK) [2013] 5 CLJ 668 [HC]

PROSEDUR SIVIL

Penghakiman dan perintah - Kesan mengikat - Pelucuthakkan harta di bawah Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram dan Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan 2001 - Tuntutan oleh pihak ketiga yang bona fide - Sama ada prosiding separa jenayah - Sama ada terangkum dalam prosiding di bawah Kaedah-Kaedah Mahkamah 2012
PP lwn. Raja Noor Asma Raja Harun
(Kamardin Hashim H) [2013] 5 CLJ 656 [HC]

Penghakiman dan perintah - Prosedur - Pelucuthakkan harta di bawah Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram dan Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan 2001 (AMLATFA) - Ketiadaan peruntukan prosedur bagaimana tuntutan pihak ketiga bona fide harus dikendalikan di bawah s. 61 AMLATFA - Sama ada mahkamah mempunyai bidang kuasa menetapkan prosedurnya sendiri - Sama ada prosedur yang digunakan teratur, sah dan mengikat pihak-pihak
PP lwn. Raja Noor Asma Raja Harun
(Kamardin Hashim H) [2013] 5 CLJ 656 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH

Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram dan Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan 2001 - Seksyen 61(4)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) - Tuntutan harta yang dilucuthakkan kepada kerajaan oleh pihak ketiga - Sama ada pihak ketiga berjaya membuktikan bahawa mereka adalah pihak yang suci hati
PP lwn. Raja Noor Asma Raja Harun
(Kamardin Hashim H) [2013] 5 CLJ 656 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG PERLEMBAGAAN

Hak-hak asasi - Hak ke atas harta - Penempatan/perkampungan orang asli sejak turun temurun - Anggapan bahawa perkampungan adalah hak orang asli - Sama ada hak dilindungi dan terpelihara di bawah peruntukan undang-undang - Perlembagaan Persekutuan, perkara 89(1) - Penempatan semula perkampungan orang asli dengan janji untuk mewartakan tapak perkampungan baru - Sama ada kegagalan mewartakan tanah suatu pelanggaran kewajipan fidusiari - Pembinaan gereja atas tapak penempatan semula dirobohkan - Sama ada terdapat anggapan sah untuk membina gereja - Sama ada orang asli berhak ke atas pampasan
Khalip Bachik & Satu Lagi lwn. Pengarah Tanah Dan Galian Johor & Yang Lain
(Zakiah Kassim PK) [2013] 5 CLJ 639 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG SYARIKAT

Pengarah - Kapasiti bertindak sebagai pengarah - Sama ada pengarah yang telah dihukum bankrap kompeten memberi arahan - Sama ada surat perlantikan peguamcara yang ditandatangani oleh pengarah yang bankrap tidak sah dan terbatal - Sama ada lembaga pengarah syarikat menjadi functus officio apabila syarikat digulungkan
The Ayer Molek Rubber Company Bhd lwn. Abdul Halim Yahya & Co
(Rosilah Yop PK) [2013] 5 CLJ 668 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG TANAH

Tanah adat - Hak milik - Hak milik orang asli terhadap tanah adat - Penempatan/perkampungan orang asli sejak turun temurun - Anggapan bahawa perkampungan adalah hak orang asli - Sama ada hak dilindungi dan terpelihara di bawah peruntukan undang-undang - Perlembagaan Persekutuan, perkara 89(1) - Penempatan semula perkampungan orang asli dengan janji untuk mewartakan tapak perkampungan baru - Sama ada kegagalan mewartakan tanah suatu pelanggaran kewajipan fidusiari
Khalip Bachik & Satu Lagi lwn. Pengarah Tanah Dan Galian Johor & Yang Lain
(Zakiah Kassim PK) [2013] 5 CLJ 639 [HC]

ARTICLE

Legal Network Series Article

1. INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE TRADE REGULATION AND ITS ENFORCEMENT IN MALAYSIA [Read excerpt]
    by: MARIANI ARIFFIN*[1] & MAIZATUN MUSTAFA[2] [2013] 1 LNS(A) xlvii

2. PRACTISING WELL INCLUDES RELAXING AND RECHARGING
    by: ELLIOT SIM*

LEGISLATION HIGHLIGHTS

Principal Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Repealing
ACT 759 Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 30 June 2013 [PU(B) 277/2013] - except para(s) 1 to 10 of Schedule 9 and para(s) 13 to 19 of Schedule 9 -Nil-
ACT 758 Financial Services Act 2013 30 June 2013 [PU(B) 276/2013] - except s 129 and Schedule 9 -Nil-
ACT 757 Strata Management Act 2013 Not Yet In Force -Nil-
ACT 756 Traditional And Complementary Medicine Act 2013 Not Yet In Force -Nil-
ACT 755 Finance Act 2013 See s 3 for the Income Tax Act; s 41 for the Stamp Act; s 47 for the Petroleum (Income Tax) Act and s 55 for the Real Property Gains Tax Act -Nil-

Amending Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
ACT A1452 Animals (Amendment) Act 2013 Not Yet In Force ACT 647
ACT A1451 Perbadanan Kemajuan Filem Nasional Malaysia (Amendment) Act 2013 1 April 2013 [PU(B) 89/2013] ACT 244
ACT A1450 Strata Titles (Amendment) Act 2013 Not Yet In Force ACT 318
ACT A1449 Industrial Designs (Amendment) Act 2013 1 July 2013 [PU(B) 86/2013] ACT 552
ACT A1448 Central Bank Of Malaysia (Amendment) Act 2013 8 February 2013 [PU(B) 44/2013] ACT 701

PU(A)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(A) 235/2013 Customs (Prohibition Of Exports) (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2013 22 July 2013 23 July 2013 PU(A) 491/2012
PU(A) 234/2013 National Service Training (Persons Required To Undergo National Service Training) Order 2013 22 July 2013 23 July 2013 ACT 628
PU(A) 233/2013 Proclamation 22 July 2013 23 July 2013 ACT 628
PU(A) 232/2013 Customs (Provisional Anti-Dumping Duties) Order 2013 19 July 2013 20 July 2013 to 15 November 2013 ACT 504; ACT 235
PU(A) 231/2013 Control Of Supplies (Controlled Articles) (No. 3) Order 2013 18 July 2013 21 July 2013 ACT 122

PU(B)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(B) 304/2013 Notice Of Completion Of Revision And Inspection Of Supplementary Electoral Rolls - Perak 23 July 2013 24 July 2013 PU(A) 293/2002
PU(B) 303/2013 Notice Of Completion Of Revision And Inspection Of Supplementary Electoral Rolls - Penang 23 July 2013 24 July 2013 PU(A) 293/2002
PU(B) 302/2013 Notice Of Completion Of Revision And Inspection Of Supplementary Electoral Rolls - Terengganu 23 July 2013 24 July 2013 PU(A) 293/2002
PU(B) 301/2013 Notice Of Completion Of Revision And Inspection Of Supplementary Electoral Rolls - Kelantan 23 July 2013 24 July 2013 PU(A) 293/2002
PU(B) 300/2013 Notice Of Completion Of Revision And Inspection Of Supplementary Electoral Rolls - Kedah 23 July 2013 24 July 2013 PU(A) 293/2002
[2013] 1 LNS(A) xlvii MALAYSIA

INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE TRADE REGULATION AND ITS ENFORCEMENT IN MALAYSIA

by

MARIANI ARIFFIN*[1]

MAIZATUN MUSTAFA[2]


1. INTRODUCTION

Many flora and fauna species are harvested and sold legitimately as food, medicine, ornaments, pets, and so on. However, trade can cause overexploitation to the extent of causing a species to become threatened or endangered if not regulated adequately to control illegal and avoid unsustainable trade. International awareness on the need for global trade controls to minimize the effects of trade on wildlife conservation had been recognized as early as 1900.[3] In March 1973, reflecting continuous international concern over the issue, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)[4] was signed to provide a framework to control trade of certain wildlife species from both exporting and importing countries. As the major repositories of the world’s biodiversity, it is essential for mega-biodiversity countries like Malaysia to regulate international wildlife trade to protect their biodiversity from being exploited unsustainably by observing the international regulations outlined by CITES.[5]

Located in Southeast Asia, Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy which encompasses a total area of 329,750 sq. km with a total population of more than 28.3 million.[6] The country is geographically divided into West Malaysia and East Malaysia. Except for Sabah, Sarawak and Labuan, the rest of the states in the federation are located in West Malaysia, which is also referred to as Peninsular Malaysia. The country is the 12th mega-biodiversity country in the world.[7] According to a conservative estimation, Malaysia has more than 170,000 species with many more species remaining undiscovered as yet.[8] Malaysia is one of the largest exporters of tropical logs among International Tropical Timber Organization producer countries,[9] and one of the four major exporters of wild-caught animals, particularly butterflies, seahorses, fish, reptiles, mammals and birds.[10] It is important for Malaysia to ensure that exploitation of these resources is kept at a sustainable level. This is particularly crucial because Malaysia has also become an attractive supply country in illicit wildlife trade.[11] The value of illegal exports of live animals and their parts alone is estimated at millions of ringgit.[12] In the wake of the country’s role in wildlife trade, there is an urgent need to assess Malaysia’s wildlife trade legislation.


. . .

[1] *Corresponding author. Senior Lecturer, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: marianiho@upm.edu.my .


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