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CLJ Logo CLJ Bulletin, Issue 2013, Vol 45
08 November 2013

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New This Week

1. Cases Of The Week

a) MALAYSIA AIRPORTS (SEPANG) SDN BHD & ANOR v. FEDERAL EXPRESS BROKERAGE SDN BHD & ORS;
    PEGUAM NEGARA MALAYSIA (INTERVENER)

b) YONG TOI MEE & ANOR v. MALPAC CAPITAL SDN BHD & ANOR

c) PP lwn. HYDHIR AZNI CHE YAN [2013] 2 SMC 78

2. Latest Cases

a) Legal Network Series

b) CLJ 2013 Volume 8 (Part 5)

b) CLJ 2013 Volume 8 (Part 6)

3. Articles

a) Legal Network Series Article

4. Legislation Highlights

a) Principal Acts

b) Amending Acts

c) PU(A)

d) PU(B)


CASES OF THE WEEK

MALAYSIA AIRPORTS (SEPANG) SDN BHD & ANOR v. FEDERAL EXPRESS BROKERAGE SDN BHD & ORS;
PEGUAM NEGARA MALAYSIA (INTERVENER)

FEDERAL COURT, PUTRAJAYA
ZULKEFLI MAKINUDIN CJ (MALAYA), RICHARD MALANJUM CJ (SABAH & SARAWAK),
HASHIM YUSOFF FCJ, ABDULL HAMID EMBONG FCJ, HASAN LAH FCJ
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: 02-(F)-72-10-2012(W)]
24 SEPTEMBER 2013

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: Remedies - Declaration - Free zone charges imposed for commercial activities carried out at KLIA Free Commercial Zone - Decision of Minister of Finance to impose charges - Refusal to pay - Whether Minister had power to impose charges - Functions of appellants - Whether to administer, maintain and operate free zone - Whether appellants had authority to collect charges - Distinction between tax and fee - Whether charges imposed used for providing facilities and services in free zone - Free Zones Act 1990, ss. 3, 10(3) & 13(2) - Free Zones Regulations 1990, reg. 8A

WORDS & PHRASES: "Condition" - Meaning of - Free Zones Act 1990, s. 10(3) - Free zone charges imposed for commercial activities carried out at KLIA Free Commercial Zone - Whether word "condition" viewed as payment for facilities and services rendered by authority - Whether Minister of Finance given wide powers to impose "conditions" which he deems fit

YONG TOI MEE & ANOR v. MALPAC CAPITAL SDN BHD & ANOR
FEDERAL COURT, PUTRAJAYA
RAUS SHARIF PCA, ABDULL HAMID EMBONG FCJ, SURIYADI HALIM OMAR FCJ, HASAN LAH FCJ, JEFFREY TAN FCJ
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: 02(F)-69-10-2012(A)]
4 SEPTEMBER 2013

CONTRACT: Conditional contract - Conditions precedent - Whether conditions to allow decree of specific performance to issue satisfied - Whether party resisting specific performance regarded contracts as lapsed - Whether mutual agreement to suspend contract suspended all contractual obligations - Whether affirmation of suspended contract by one party revived contract for purpose of specific performance - Whether contracts void for failure to fulfill condition precedent - Whether ss. 32 to 34 of Contracts Act 1950 applied to suspended contracts containing unfulfilled conditions precedent

PP lwn. HYDHIR AZNI CHE YAN [2013] 2 SMC 78
MAHKAMAH MAJISTRET, TELUK INTAN
MOHD IZHAM ALI MJ
[KES TANGKAP NO: 83-276-2011]
5 DISEMBER 2011

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 506 - Ugutan jenayah - Mengacukan sebilah parang terhadap mangsa - Intipati pertuduhan - Sama ada dibuktikan - Sama ada tertuduh mempunyai niat untuk menakutkan mangsa - Sama ada sebarang aksi ganas ditunjukkan oleh tertuduh - Sama ada keterangan bersumpah dan kenyataan mangsa dalam laporan polis bercanggah - Sama ada satu kes prima facie dibuktikan - Kanun Keseksaan, s. 503

For more Judicial Quotes, please login and view under "References" or subscribe to CLJLaw.

LATEST CASES

Legal Network Series

[2011] 1 LNS 642

MALAYAN BANKING BERHAD v. TXN-COAT (PUCHONG) SDN BHD & ORS

CONTRACT: Breach - Notice of demand - Whether plaintiff had given notice of demand - Whether plaintiff obliged to make a demand on 1st defendant before Overdraft account could be debited - Whether plaintiff had right to debit 1st defendant's matured trade financing bills into 1st defendant's Overdraft account

CONTRACT: Breach - Agreement - Whether plaintiff was in breach of Facility Agreement - Meaning or extent of main condition precedent - Whether steps taken by 1st defendant to comply amounted to a "fulfillment of conditions precedent as the Bank may require" - Whether 1st defendant not allowed to drawdown on additional facility due to default of plaintiff or 1st defendant's failure to comply with main condition precedent to plaintiff's satisfaction - Whether plaintiff correct in refusing to allow 1st defendant to drawdown on additional facility - Whether wrong, unfair and unconscionable for 1st defendant to compel plaintiff to allow further drawdown when it failed to fulfill main condition precedent - Whether plaintiff liable to pay damages to 1st defendant

EVIDENCE: Conclusive evidence clause - Effect of - Whether 2 Certificates of Indebtedness were valid and binding - Whether plaintiff required in law to issue separate Certificates of Indebtedness for a breakdown of accounts for each Facility Agreement - Whether defendants disproved amount claimed by plaintiff - Whether any manifest error shown in Certificates of Indebtedness - Whether Court bound by contractual provision to accept Certificates of Indebtedness as conclusive

[2011] 1 LNS 1347

BOUSTEAD RIMBA NILAI SDN BHD v. MOHED SURATMAN

CONTRACT: Employment contract - Breach - Whether defendant committed a breach of trust as an employee of plaintiff and held all proceeds made during his employment with the plaintiff as constructive trustee - Whether defendant breached his Contract of Employment with plaintiff - Whether defendant failed to act with care and skill - Whether defendant acted in conflict of interest and took advantage of his position to make secret profits - Whether defendant committed equitable fraud on plaintiff by wrongful amendment to the weighbridge tickets - Whether defendant in breach of his fiduciary duties as the plaintiff's Senior Mill Manager

CONTRACT: Breach - Damages - Punitive and exemplary damages - Defendant's conduct and blatant breach of fiduciary duty to his employer - Whether a proper case for punitive and exemplary damages to be awarded

[2011] 1 LNS 1361

KHOO GET NGIAN @ EDWARD KHOO (The Chairman of Sandakan Basketball Association, suing on behalf of Sandakan Basketball Association pursuant to Section 9(c) of the Societies Act 1966) v. TIONG KING KIONG (The President of Sabah Basketball Association, sued on behalf of Sabah Basketball Association pursuant to Section 9(c) of the Societies Act 1966)

UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS: Societies - Rules - Whether defendant's decision to punish plaintiff erroneously made under Section 38.3 of Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Persatuan Bola Keranjang Malaysia when there was no such section at the material time - Whether decision of defendant's Executive Council of the Defendant made pursuant to Section 38.3 of the Undang-Undang and Presatuan Persatuan Bola Keranjang Malaysia was null and void

UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS: Clubs - Disciplinary proceedings - Natural justice - Whether there was proper inquiry held - Whether plaintiff was given opportunity to know of their alleged misconduct or nature of charges - Whether plaintiff was given an opportunity to be heard in respect of their alleged misconduct or charges - Whether meetings held on 6 June 2009 and 9 Mei 2009 respectively were conducted in breach of the rules of natural justice and procedural fairness - Whether decisions made at meetings were null and void

UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS: Clubs - Disciplinary proceedings - Whether decision of the Executive Council of Sabah Basketball Association (SABA) in imposing fines and prohibiting participation in any competition organized by SABA for 18 months was mala fides and actuated by malice - Whether action of the Executive Council/Committee of SABA in disallowing Sandakan Basketball Association to participate in the 40th Sabah Youth Basketball Championship 2009 was unlawful - Whether plaintiff and his members suffered damages as a result of being unable to participate in various basketball competitions

[2011] 1 LNS 1376

MOHAMAD RADWAN ALAMI & ORS v. RHB BANK BERHAD

CONTRACT: Guarantee - Forgery - Plaintiffs claiming guarantees were forged and/or fabricated - Whether plaintiffs, in particular 1st plaintiff, provided guarantee for the facility - Whether their claim for loss and damage could be sustained - Whether fraud and/or forgery proved

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Limitation - Defendant raising defence of time bar against plaintiffs' claim - Whether plaintiffs' claim time barred - Whether plaintiffs should have acted from the time the notice of demand was issued to obtain protection under s. 29 of the Limitation Act 1953 - Whether plaintiffs could have discovered the forgery (if any) as early as 2001 - Whether plaintiffs' action ought to be dismissed in limine

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Election, doctrine of - Consent judgment - Plaintiffs entered into a settlement with Danaharta by way of a letter of settlement and consent judgment - Whether plaintiffs had by way of election abandoned the issue of fraud when the plaintiffs entered consent judgment

[2011] 1 LNS 1485

PP v. CHONG JOON HONG

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Trial - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Prosecution's case - Whether essential ingredients of custody and control necessary to prove possession or to raise statutory presumption under s. 37(d) of the Act satisfactorily adduced by the prosecution - Whether there were infirmities in the prosecution's case - Whether prosecution's case could withstand the maximum evaluation of the evidence - Whether fact that accused was a tenant of the room and dangerous drugs were found in it was sufficient to sustain a conviction on the 3 charges - Whether accused should be discharged and acquitted without his defence being called

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Trial - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952- Prosecution's case - Difference in gross weight of the cannabis and ketamine weighed by Chief Inspector Azman and by chemist stated in first and second charges - Whether difference in weight, particularly the lesser nett weight compared to gross weight, must be explained by chemist - Whether safe keeping of exhibits in issue - Admission of Chief Inspector Azman on possible mix up of drugs which he seized in the raid with other cases - Whether difference in the weight of drugs material - First set of drugs taken out by accused from brown box kept at bottom tier of cabinet - Whether locked bottom tier of cabinet left an unanswered gap in prosecution's case - Whether prosecution's case relating to the discovery of drugs unreliable and compromised their case against accused

CLJ 2013 Volume 8 (Part 5)

COURT

FEDERAL COURT

Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn Bhd & Anor v. Federal Express Brokerage Sdn Bhd & Ors; Peguam Negara Malaysia (Intervener)
Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Hashim Yusoff, Abdull Hamid Embong, Hasan Lah FCJJ
(Administrative Law; Words & Phrases - Free zone charges imposed for commercial activities carried out at KLIA Free Commercial Zone - Whether Minister had power to impose charges - Distinction between tax and fee) [2013] 8 CLJ 597 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Hashim Ariffin & Satu Lagi lwn. PP
Abdul Malik Ishak, Azahar Mohamed, Mohd Zawawi Salleh HHMR
(Keterangan; Undang-Undang Jenayah - Pengecaman - Pengecaman tertuduh oleh saksi - Kegagalan saksi menamakan orang yang dilihat dalam laporan polis - Sama ada menjejaskan kredibiliti saksi) [2013] 8 CLJ 611 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Kerajaan Malaysia v. Central Strata Sdn Bhd
Lee Swee Seng JC
(Revenue Law - Income Tax - Default in payment - Denial of receipt of notice of assessment - Whether notice of assessment deemed served) [2013] 8 CLJ 632 [HC]

Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia v. WJ Construction Sdn Bhd
Mary Lim J
(Arbitration - Award - Arbitration Act 2005, s. 42 - Pre-conditions to be satisfied before exercise of jurisdiction under s. 42) [2013] 8 CLJ 655 [HC]

Lo Kui Chen v. Dr Kalayarasu Subramaniam
Douglas Cristo Primus Sikayun JC
(Civil Procedure - Judgment and orders - Judgment in default of appearance - Non-compliance with O. 10 r. 1 of Rules of the High Court 1980 - Whether non-compliance could be remedied) [2013] 8 CLJ 685 [HC]

Ong Partnership lwn. Low Wan Cheong
Kamaludin Md Said PK
(Keterangan; Profesion Undang-undang; Prosedur Sivil - Bayaran - Bayaran guaman - Persetujuan mengenai yuran guaman perlu dihormati) [2013] 8 CLJ 693 [HC]

Yek Hock Soon lwn. PP
Azman Abdullah H
(Acara Jenayah; Undang-undang Jenayah - Rogol - Rogol statutori - Tertuduh seorang guru dan mangsa anak murid bawah umur - Sama ada hukuman berpatutan dan wajar dikekalkan) [2013] 8 CLJ 708 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Remedies - Declaration - Free zone charges imposed for commercial activities carried out at KLIA Free Commercial Zone - Decision of Minister of Finance to impose charges - Refusal to pay - Whether Minister had power to impose charges - Functions of appellants - Whether to administer, maintain and operate free zone - Whether appellants had authority to collect charges - Distinction between tax and fee - Whether charges imposed used for providing facilities and services in free zone - Free Zones Act 1990, ss. 3, 10(3) & 13(2) - Free Zones Regulations 1990, reg. 8A
Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn Bhd & Anor v. Federal Express Brokerage Sdn Bhd & Ors; Peguam Negara Malaysia (Intervener)
(Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Hashim Yusoff, Abdull Hamid Embong, Hasan Lah FCJJ) [2013] 8 CLJ 597 [FC]

ARBITRATION

Award - Challenge against - Reference on question of law - Arbitration Act 2005, s. 42 - Pre-conditions to be satisfied before exercise of jurisdiction under s. 42 - Restrictive or limited jurisdiction - Whether error on face of award shown - Whether Arbitral Tribunal had properly evaluated evidence and applied correct principles of law - Whether there were questions of law meriting determination or intervention by court
Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia v. WJ Construction Sdn Bhd
(Mary Lim J) [2013] 8 CLJ 655 [HC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Judgment and orders - Judgment in default of appearance - Whether judgment in default could be set aside - Whether service by ordinary post defective - Non-compliance with O. 10 r. 1 of Rules of the High Court 1980 - Failure to extract certificate of non-appearance when judgment entered - Non-disclosure of reasons for delay in extracting certificate of non-appearance - Whether non-compliance could be remedied - Rules of the High Court 1980, O. 1A and O. 2
Lo Kui Chen v. Dr Kalayarasu Subramaniam
(Douglas Cristo Primus Sikayun JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 685 [HC]

Motion - Interlocutory motion - Failure to serve notice of motion - Whether notice of motion an ex parte application - Whether service of motion mandatory - Whether application for leave to enter judgment in default should be made by writ of summons or notice of motion - Whether Senior Assistant Registrar had jurisdiction to hear and allow judgment in default
Lo Kui Chen v. Dr Kalayarasu Subramaniam
(Douglas Cristo Primus Sikayun JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 685 [HC]

REVENUE LAW

Income Tax - Default in payment - Increase in tax imposed by IRB upon default - Whether IRB entitled to recover amount outstanding together with increases imposed - Denial of receipt of notice of assessment - Whether notice of assessment deemed served - Income Tax Act 1967, s. 145(2)
Kerajaan Malaysia v. Central Strata Sdn Bhd
(Lee Swee Seng JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 632 [HC]

Income Tax - Summary judgment - Application for - Default in payment of tax by company - Notice of assessment - Whether deemed served - Whether IRB to keep record of proof of posting - Whether presumption under s. 114(e) Evidence Act 1950 that judicial and official acts have been regularly performed arose - Income Tax Act 1967, s. 145(2)
Kerajaan Malaysia v. Central Strata Sdn Bhd
(Lee Swee Seng JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 632 [HC]

WORDS & PHRASES

"Condition" - Meaning of - Free Zones Act 1990, s. 10(3) - Free zone charges imposed for commercial activities carried out at KLIA Free Commercial Zone - Whether word "condition" viewed as payment for facilities and services rendered by authority - Whether Minister of Finance given wide powers to impose "conditions" which he deems fit
Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn Bhd & Anor v. Federal Express Brokerage Sdn Bhd & Ors; Peguam Negara Malaysia (Intervener)
(Zulkefli Makinudin CJ (Malaya), Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Hashim Yusoff, Abdull Hamid Embong, Hasan Lah FCJJ) [2013] 8 CLJ 597 [FC]

INDEKS PERKARA

ACARA JENAYAH

Hukuman - Rayuan terhadap hukuman - Rayuan daripada Mahkamah Sesyen - Sabitan atas dua kesalahan merogol dan menggunakan kekerasan dengan niat hendak mencabul kehormatan - Tertuduh seorang guru dan mangsa anak murid bawah umur - Hukuman sembilan tahun penjara dan lima kali sebatan bagi pertuduhan pertama dan tiga tahun penjara dan dua kali sebatan untuk pertuduhan kedua - Sama ada berpatutan dan wajar dikekalkan - Prinsip dalam menjatuhkan hukuman - Kanun Keseksaan, ss. 354, 376
Yek Hock Soon lwn. PP
(Azman Abdullah H) [2013] 8 CLJ 708 [HC]

KETERANGAN

Keterangan dokumentar - Kebolehterimaan - Surat pelantikan peguam menyatakan yuran guaman yang dipersetujui bagi "getting-up" - Sama ada surat perlantikan relevan dan memenuhi peruntukan s. 73A(2) Akta Keterangan 1950
Ong Partnership lwn. Low Wan Cheong
(Kamaludin Md Said PK) [2013] 8 CLJ 693 [HC]

Pengecaman - Pengecaman tertuduh oleh saksi - Sama ada hakim bicara mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang diperlukan untuk pengecaman - Kegagalan saksi menamakan orang yang dilihat dalam laporan polis - Sama ada menjejaskan kredibiliti saksi - Sama ada pengecaman memuaskan dan selamat disandarkan bagi sabitan
Hashim Ariffin & Satu Lagi lwn. PP
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Azahar Mohamed, Mohd Zawawi Salleh HHMR) [2013] 8 CLJ 611 [CA]

Pernyataan nazak - Kebolehterimaan - Pernyataan nazak dibuat kepada pegawai polis - Pegawai polis tidak dipanggil memberi keterangan atau ditawarkan kepada pembelaan - Pernyataan nazak yang dicatat tidak dikemukakan kepada mahkamah - Sama ada menjejaskan kes pendakwaan - Sama ada syarat-syarat kemasukan pernyataan nazak dipenuhi - Sama ada pernyataan nazak boleh diterima
Hashim Ariffin & Satu Lagi lwn. PP
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Azahar Mohamed, Mohd Zawawi Salleh HHMR) [2013] 8 CLJ 611 [CA]

Saksi - Kredibiliti - Percanggahan keterangan saksi-saksi - Sama ada dipertimbangkan oleh hakim bicara - Sama ada percanggahan penting untuk mempertahankan pertuduhan - Kanun Keseksaan, s. 149
Hashim Ariffin & Satu Lagi lwn. PP
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Azahar Mohamed, Mohd Zawawi Salleh HHMR) [2013] 8 CLJ 611 [CA]

PROFESION UNDANG-UNDANG

Bayaran - Bayaran guaman - Getting-up - Surat pelantikan peguam menyatakan yuran guaman yang dipersetujui bagi "getting-up" sebanyak RM50,000 bagi "pre-trial preparation" - Perkhidmatan peguam ditamatkan selepas semua dokumen perbicaraan difailkan - Sama ada bayaran "getting up" perlu dibayar - Sama ada yuran guaman bagi getting-up adil dan munasabah - Persetujuan mengenai yuran guaman perlu dihormati
Ong Partnership lwn. Low Wan Cheong
(Kamaludin Md Said PK) [2013] 8 CLJ 693 [HC]

PROSEDUR SIVIL

Rayuan - Penemuan fakta - Mahkamah rayuan perlahan dalam mengganggu penemuan fakta - Kegagalan menilai keterangan saksi-saksi - Kegagalan mencapai penemuan fakta - Kegagalan menyatakan alasan keputusan - Keputusan disalin semula daripada hujahan bertulis peguam defendan - Keputusan tidak membawa apa-apa makna - Salah laksana keadilan - Keputusan perlu diperbetulkan
Ong Partnership lwn. Low Wan Cheong
(Kamaludin Md Said PK) [2013] 8 CLJ 693 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH

Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 149 - Rayuan terhadap sabitan dan hukuman - Saksi mengecamkam perayu-perayu sebagai orang yang menikam si mati - Sama ada hakim bicara mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang diperlukan untuk pengecaman - Sama ada pengecaman memuaskan dan selamat disandarkan bagi mensabitkan perayu-perayu - Sama ada pernyataan nazak si mati boleh diterima - Sama ada sabitan dan hukuman selamat
Hashim Ariffin & Satu Lagi lwn. PP
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Azahar Mohamed, Mohd Zawawi Salleh HHMR) [2013] 8 CLJ 611 [CA]

Rogol - Rogol statutori - Tertuduh seorang guru dan mangsa anak murid bawah umur - Sabitan atas dua kesalahan merogol dan menggunakan kekerasan dengan niat hendak mencabul kehormatan - Sama ada sabitan selamat - Sama ada hukuman berpatutan dan wajar dikekalkan - Kanun Keseksaan, ss. 354, 376
Yek Hock Soon lwn. PP
(Azman Abdullah H) [2013] 8 CLJ 708 [HC]

CLJ 2013 Volume 8 (Part 6)

COURT

FEDERAL COURT

Yong Toi Mee & Anor v. Malpac Capital Sdn Bhd & Anor
Raus Sharif PCA, Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ
(Contract - Conditional contract - Conditions precedent) [2013] 8 CLJ 725 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Cergas Tegas Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. SAP Holdings Bhd & Anor
Abdul Malik Ishak, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Abdul Aziz Rahim JJCA
(Civil Procedure; Contract - Appeal - Extension of time - Termination) [2013] 8 CLJ 745 [CA]

Lim Pah Soon v. PP
Azahar Mohamed, Abdul Aziz Rahim, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA
(Criminal Law; Criminal Procedure; Evidence - Trafficking in dangerous drugs - Weight of drugs - Material discrepancy) [2013] 8 CLJ 800 [CA]

Ng Aun Say & Sons Realty Sdn Bhd v. Magnasari Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Appeal
Abdul Malik Ishak, Linton Albert, Mohamad Ariff Yusof JJCA
(Civil Procedure; Land Law; Statutory Interpretation - Acquisition of land - Compulsory acquisition) [2013] 8 CLJ 814 [CA]

Ravindran Ramasamy v. PP
Mohamed Apandi Ali, Linton Albert, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JJCA
(Criminal Law - Firearms (Increased Penalties) Act 1971 - Section 3A) [2013] 8 CLJ 834 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Kupusamy Sidambaram v. Verapan Sinathamby & Ors
Ahmad Nasfy Yasin JC
(Civil Procedure; Succession - Application to strike out or set aside small estate distribution order) [2013] 8 CLJ 842 [HC]

Latheefa Beebi Koya & Anor v. Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia & Ors
Zaleha Yusof J
(Administrative Law; Legal Profession; Statutory Interpretation - Professional privilege - Communication between solicitor and client) [2013] 8 CLJ 855 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: Judicial Review - Certiorari - Application for - Lawyers accompanied client for recording of statement by Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission - Lawyers issued notices under s. 30(1)(a) of Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009 for statements to be recorded - Whether issuance of notices was decision susceptible to court's reviewing powers - Whether issuance of notices affected rights and obligations of lawyers - Whether directly interfered with exercise of duty to client - Whether lawyers entitled to make application for judicial review
Latheefa Beebi Koya & Anor v. Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia & Ors
(Zaleha Yusof J) [2013] 8 CLJ 855 [HC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Interference by appellate court - Whether findings of Judicial Commissioner went against weight of evidence
Ng Aun Say & Sons Realty Sdn Bhd v. Magnasari Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Appeal
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Linton Albert, Mohamad Ariff Yusof JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 814 [CA]

Appeal - Interference by appellate court - Whether trial judge erred in fact and in law
Cergas Tegas Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. SAP Holdings Bhd & Anor
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Abdul Aziz Rahim JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 745 [CA]

Appeal - Record of appeal - Filing of - Extension of time - Whether negligence of solicitors sufficient ground to grant extension of time - Whether respondents prejudiced by non-compliance - Amendment - Leave to amend intitulement - Whether leave should be granted
Cergas Tegas Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. SAP Holdings Bhd & Anor
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Abdul Aziz Rahim JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 745 [CA]

Striking out - Application for - Striking out or setting aside of small estate distribution order - Wrong information given by administrator of estate - Estate transferred under administrator's name wholly - Subsequent transfer to third party - Whether transfer of estate valid and effective - Power of High Court to grant declaratory relief - Whether application barred by s. 418 of National Land Code or s. 2(a) of Public Authorities Protection Act 1948
Kupusamy Sidambaram v. Verapan Sinathamby & Ors
(Ahmad Nasfy Yasin JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 842 [HC]

CONTRACT

Conditional contract - Conditions precedent - Whether conditions to allow decree of specific performance to issue satisfied - Whether party resisting specific performance regarded contracts as lapsed - Whether mutual agreement to suspend contract suspended all contractual obligations - Whether affirmation of suspended contract by one party revived contract for purpose of specific performance - Whether contracts void for failure to fulfill condition precedent - Whether ss. 32 to 34 of Contracts Act 1950 applied to suspended contracts containing unfulfilled conditions precedent
Yong Toi Mee & Anor v. Malpac Capital Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Raus Sharif PCA, Abdull Hamid Embong Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Jeffrey Tan FCJJ) [2013] 8 CLJ 725 [FC]

Termination - Agreement to sell interests, rights and entitlement under joint venture agreement - Whether terms of JVA read together with supplementary agreements breached - Whether appellant failed to pay balance consideration - Whether agreements terminated - Whether second supplementary agreement superseded all other agreements - Whether condition precedent in second supplementary agreement failed to be fulfilled
Cergas Tegas Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. SAP Holdings Bhd & Anor
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Syed Ahmad Helmy, Abdul Aziz Rahim JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 745 [CA]

CRIMINAL LAW

Dangerous Drugs Act 1952, s. 39B(1)(a) - Trafficking in dangerous drugs - Conviction and sentence - Appeal against - Weight of drugs - Material discrepancy - Whether serious doubts arose as to identity of drugs exhibits - Whether defence ought to be called - Whether there was break in chain of evidence - Whether reasonable doubt arose in prosecution's case - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 180(1) & 180(4)
Lim Pah Soon v. PP
(Azahar Mohamed, Abdul Aziz Rahim, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 800 [CA]

Firearms (Increased Penalties) Act 1971 - Section 3A - Appeal against sentence and decision - Whether accused disassociated himself from principle offender - Mere denial of knowledge - Whether elements of offence made out
Ravindran Ramasamy v. PP
(Mohamed Apandi Ali, Linton Albert, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 834 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appeal against conviction and sentence - Trafficking in dangerous drugs - Weight of drugs - Material discrepancy - Whether serious doubts arose as to identity of drugs exhibits - Whether defence ought to be called - Whether there was break in chain of evidence - Whether reasonable doubt arose in prosecution's case - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 180(1) & 180(4)
Lim Pah Soon v. PP
(Azahar Mohamed, Abdul Aziz Rahim, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 800 [CA]

EVIDENCE

Exhibit - Identity of exhibits - Weight of drugs - Material discrepancy - Whether serious doubts arose as to identity of drugs exhibits - Whether defence ought to be called - Whether there was break in chain of evidence - Whether reasonable doubt arose in prosecution's case - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 180(1) & 180(4)
Lim Pah Soon v. PP
(Azahar Mohamed, Abdul Aziz Rahim, Mohd Zawawi Salleh JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 800 [CA]

LAND LAW

Acquisition of land - Compulsory acquisition - Whether acquisition under Act could be challenged - Whether acquiring authority complied with statutory procedure - Whether authority misconstrued powers or acted in bad faith or with gross unreasonableness - Whether acquisition for public purpose - Whether authority considered development approval already granted - Land Acquisition Act 1960, ss. 3(1)(b), 4, 3A(2)
Ng Aun Say & Sons Realty Sdn Bhd v. Magnasari Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Appeal
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Linton Albert, Mohamad Ariff Yusof JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 814 [CA]

LEGAL PROFESSION

Professional privilege - Communication between solicitor and client - Lawyers accompanied client for recording of statement by Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission - Lawyers issued notices under s. 30(1)(a) of Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009 for statements to be recorded - Whether lawyers interfered with interview with client - Whether lawyers' presence impeded investigation - Whether privileged information between solicitor and client protected - Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009, s. 46
Latheefa Beebi Koya & Anor v. Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia & Ors
(Zaleha Yusof J) [2013] 8 CLJ 855 [HC]

STATUTORY INTERPRETATION

Construction of statutes - Whether Committee that considered proposal that land to be compulsorily acquired was legally constituted - Plain meaning rule - Whether to be adopted in construing s. 3C(2)(v) Land Acquisition Act 1960
Ng Aun Say & Sons Realty Sdn Bhd v. Magnasari Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Appeal
(Abdul Malik Ishak, Linton Albert, Mohamad Ariff Yusof JJCA) [2013] 8 CLJ 814 [CA]

Definitions - "Decision" - "Decision" in O. 53 r. 4 of the Rules of Court 2012 - Whether notice under s. 30(1)(a) of Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009 a "decision" - Whether affected rights and obligations - Whether subject to judicial review
Latheefa Beebi Koya & Anor v. Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia & Ors
(Zaleha Yusof J) [2013] 8 CLJ 855 [HC]

SUCCESSION

Administration - Administration action - Deceased left immoveable property intestate - Wrong information given by administrator of estate - Administrator claimed to be sole beneficiary of estate - Estate transferred under administrator's name wholly - Subsequent transfer to third party - Application to strike out or set aside small estate distribution order - Small Estate (Distribution) Act 1955 - National Land Code, s. 418
Kupusamy Sidambaram v. Verapan Sinathamby & Ors
(Ahmad Nasfy Yasin JC) [2013] 8 CLJ 842 [HC]

ARTICLE

Legal Network Series Article

1. THE CASE FOR ELECTRONIC VERIFICATION*[Read excerpt]
    by: TYLER MCNAMEE**

2. THE ECONOMICS OF CULTURAL PROPERTY LAWS* [Read excerpt]
    by: ADAM WALLWORK** [2013] 1 LNS(A) lxxiv

LEGISLATION HIGHLIGHTS

Principal Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Repealing
ACT 759 Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 30 June 2013 [PU(B) 277/2013] - except para(s) 1 to 10 of Schedule 9 and para(s) 13 to 19 of Schedule 9 -Nil-
ACT 758 Financial Services Act 2013 30 June 2013 [PU(B) 276/2013] - except s 129 and Schedule 9 -Nil-
ACT 757 Strata Management Act 2013 Not Yet In Force -Nil-
ACT 756 Traditional And Complementary Medicine Act 2013 Not Yet In Force -Nil-
ACT 755 Finance Act 2013 See s 3 for the Income Tax Act; s 41 for the Stamp Act; s 47 for the Petroleum (Income Tax) Act and s 55 for the Real Property Gains Tax Act -Nil-

Amending Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
ACT A1453 Supplementary Supply (2012) Act 2013 7 September 2013
ACT A1452 Animals (Amendment) Act 2013 20 August 2013 ACT 647
ACT A1451 Perbadanan Kemajuan Filem Nasional Malaysia (Amendment) Act 2013 1 April 2013 [PU(B) 89/2013] ACT 244
ACT A1450 Strata Titles (Amendment) Act 2013 Not Yet In Force ACT 318
ACT A1449 Industrial Designs (Amendment) Act 2013 1 July 2013 [PU(B) 86/2013] ACT 552

PU(A)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(A) 333/2013 Customs (Prohibition Of Imports) (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2013 1 November 2013 1 December 2013 PU(A) 490/2012
PU(A) 332/2013 Customs (Values) (Palm Oil) (No. 11) Order 2013 1 November 2013 1 November 2013 to 30 November 2013 ACT 235
PU(A) 331/2013 Customs (Values) (Palm Kernel) (No. 11) Order 2013 1 November 2013 1 November 2013 to 30 November 2013 ACT 235
PU(A) 330/2013 Trade Descriptions (Marking Of Replacement Part Of Brake Lining) Order 2013 1 November 2013 1 November 2014 ACT 730
PU(A) 329/2013 Medical (Amendment Of Second Schedule) (No. 4) Order 2013 31 October 2013 1 November 2013 ACT 50

PU(B)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(B) 444/2013 Appointment And Revocation Of Appointment Of Members Of The Advisory Board 31 October 2013 1 November 2013 ACT 190; PU(A) 172/1989
PU(B) 443/2013 Reservation Of Land For Public Purpose For Lot 39882 Mukim Petaling 31 October 2013 1 November 2013 ACT 56/1965
PU(B) 442/2013 Reservation Of Land For Public Purpose For Lot 57679 Mukim Batu 30 October 2013 31 October 2013 ACT 56/1965
PU(B) 441/2013 Reservation Of Land For Public Purpose For Lot 80423 Mukim Batu 31 October 2013 1 November 2013 ACT 56/1965
PU(B) 440/2013 Reservation Of Land For Public Purpose For Lot 101165 Mukim Petaling 31 October 2013 1 November 2013 ACT 56/1965
NEW ZEALAND

THE CASE FOR ELECTRONIC VERIFICATION*

by

TYLER MCNAMEE**


WITH THE LOOMING 30 June deadline of the Anti-Money Laundering and Countering Financing of Terrorism Act 2009 (AML/CFT), many financial institutions are in the process of finalising their compliance programmes and ensuring their policies and procedures meet the safe harbour provisions of the Identity Verification Code of Practice 2011.

For many, the focus is on meeting the documentary identity verification requirements set out in parts 1 and 2 of the Code, leaving electronic identity verification (EV) for a later date. However, the documentary requirements impose strict rules on the type of identity documents that can be used, as well as mandating that all documents that are not seen in person be certified. This stipulation will result in increased use of resources (such as staff time) for the financial institution, increased inconvenience for customers and extra time spent processing applications for new financial services.

By delaying EV or ignoring it altogether, an institution will make it impossible for a potential customer to sign up for a new financial service remotely as, in order to meet the documentary verification requirements, the customer must either find a suitable professional to certify their documents or visit a physical office of the financial institution.


. . .

* Published with kind permission of Law Talk, Law Society of New Zealand.

** Tyler McNamee is a Lawyer with more than 15 years' experience in the corporate sector. He is founding director and general counsel for Verifi Identity Services which offers a complete cloud-based EV solution www.verifidentity.com. Tyler is also senior legal counsel for global online financial services company CMC Markets.


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[2013] 1 LNS(A) lxxiv INDONESIA

THE ECONOMICS OF CULTURAL PROPERTY LAWS*

by

ADAM WALLWORK**


This Article addresses the question of whether cultural property laws, which require archaeological artifacts to remain in countries of origin, have been a boon for nations with extensive archaeological records, as most archaeologists and lawmakers presume, or have hampered archaeological excavation by limiting source countries’ freedom to enter into artifact-sharing agreements, as economists would predict. The Article provides the first statistical analysis of cultural property laws’ effect on archaeological discoveries by comparing the number of World Heritage Sites discovered before and after the enactment of cultural property laws in 90 countries with at least one archaeological site on UNESCO’s World Heritage List. It concludes that such laws cause a statistically significant diminution in the number of archaeological discoveries in countries that enact such laws.

Keywords: Cultural Property Laws, Comparative Laws, International Law, Law and Economics, Art and Entertainment, Law and Statistics, Legal Empirical Studies, International Trade Law

INTRODUCTION

Cultural property laws (also known as patrimony laws), such as Egypt’s “Law on the Protection of Antiquities” (1983)[1] typically limit or prohibit the export of certain “cultural objects” or “national treasures” from the source country’s territory, restricting free trade in these antiquities.[2] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) lists 1715 laws protecting cultural property at the national, regional, and international level.[3] National and international laws protecting cultural properties are nothing new. Under the Treaty of Westphalia (1648), the European countries were obliged to return “archives, writings, and other movables” illegally seized from another sovereign.[4] This treaty obligation was invoked by Antonio Canova, acting as envoy to Pope Pius VII, to convince Napoleon to return hundreds of artworks and manuscripts to the Vatican.[5] On April 7, 1820, Pope Pius VII promulgated his Pacca Edict, which established the Papal framework for preserving culturally significant works of art.[6] The Pacca Edict regulated licenses for excavation and prohibited the removal of excavated cultural artifacts from the Vatican.[7] During the American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln promulgated the Lieber Code on April 24, 1863 to protect “Classical works of art, libraries, scientific collections, [and] precious instruments” from “avoidable injury.”[8] In Europe, the Brussels Declaration concerning the Laws and Custom of War (1874) prohibited any “seizure or destruction of...historic monuments, works of art and science” and the Swiss Canton of Vaud passed a statute in 1898 criminalizing the removal of artifacts from designated historical monuments.[9] Italy enacted its first patrimony law in 1907. Other countries have adopted patrimony laws in fits and spurts from 1898 to the present.


. . .

* Published with kind permission of The Institute for Migrant Rights, Indonesia.

** The University Of Chicago Law School, E-Mail: Awallwo1@Gmail.Com


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