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  CLJ Bulletin, Issue 2014, Vol 45
07 November 2014



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New This Week

1. Cases(s) Of The Week

a) JIGARLAL KANTILAL DOSHI v. AMANAH RAYA BHD & OTHER APPEALS

2. Latest Cases

a) Legal Network Series

b) CLJ 2014 Volume 8 (Part 6)

3. Articles

a) Legal Network Series Article(s)

4. Legislation Highlights

a) Principal Acts

b) Amending Acts

c) PU(A)

d) PU(B)


CASES(S) OF THE WEEK

JIGARLAL KANTILAL DOSHI v. AMANAH RAYA BHD & OTHER APPEALS
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
ABDUL WAHAB PATAIL JCA, LIM YEE LAN JCA, UMI KALTHUM ABDUL MAJID JCA
[CIVIL APPEALS NO: J-02-965-05-2012 (NO 24), J-02-7-01-2012 (NO 23), J-02(IM)-966-05-2012 (NO 25), J-02-967-05-2012 (NO 26), J-02(IM)-968-05-2012 (NO 27), J-02-1064-05-2012 (NO 28), J-02-1065-05-2012 (NO 29), J-02-1066-05-2012 (NO 30), J-02(IM)-1385-06-2012 (NO 31) & J-02-584-1995]
27 JUNE 2014

SUCCESSION: Administration of estates - Grant of probate - Failure to apply for letters of administration first before obtaining grant of probate - Locus standi - Whether Amanah Raya Berhad had locus standi to continue trial proceedings on behalf of estate - Whether letters of administration pendente lite could be granted with backward effect - Doctrine of relation back - Whether applicable to give party locus standi to actions commenced, undertaken or continued

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Locus standi - Proceedings - Administration of estates - Failure to apply for letters of administration first before obtaining grant of probate - Whether probate wrongfully and unlawfully issued - Whether Amanah Raya Berhad had locus standi to continue trial proceedings on behalf of estate - Whether letters of administration pendente lite could be granted with backward effect - Doctrine of relation back - Whether applicable to give party locus standi to actions commenced, undertaken or continued

LATEST CASES

Legal Network Series

[2013] 1 LNS 29 PER: SALEHUDDIN JAAPAR; EX-PARTE: AMBANK (M) BERHAD & KES YANG LAIN KEBANKRAPAN: Notis - Kecacatan - Sama ada notis kebankrapan yang telah difailkan adalah cacat - Sama ada jumlah yang dituntut dalam notis kebankrapan adalah berlebihan - Sama ada notis kabankrapan telah mengambil kira bayaran yang telah dibuat oleh penghutang penghakiman
KEBANKRAPAN: Pengenepian - Permohonan untuk - Pengenepian notis kebankrapan - Sama ada permohonan penghutang penghakiman selaras dengan peruntukan s. 3(2) Akta Kebankrapan 1967 dan k. 95 Kaedah-Kaedah Kebankrapan 1969 - Sama ada terdapat keperluan untuk memfailkan saman dalam kamar berasingan untuk memohon pengenepian notis kebankrapan - Sama ada pemfailan afidavit membantah adalah memadai untuk mengenepikan notis kebankrapan
PROSEDUR SIVIL: Res judicata - Penyalagunaan proses mahkamah - Sama ada tindakan pemiutang penghakiman memfailkan notis kebankrapan baru merupakan penyalahgunaan proses mahkamah - Sama ada pemiutang penghakiman telah diberi kebenaran untuk memfailan notis kebankrapan yang baru apabila tindakan kebankrapan terdahulu ditolak - Sama ada prinsip res judicata terpakai
PROSEDUR SIVIL: Pelaksanaan - Kelewatan - Tindakan kebankrapan melewati tempoh 6 tahun - Sama ada kebenaran untuk memulakan prosiding kebankrapan diperlukan untuk tindakan kebankrapan melewati tempoh 6 tahun - Sama ada prosiding kebankrapan adalah tertakluk kepada pelaksanaan penghakiman di bawah A. 46 k. 2(1)(a) Kaedah-Kaedah Mahkamah Tinggi 1980
[2013] 1 LNS 53 MD RASHID ISMAIL lwn. PP UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Kanun keseksaan - S. 376B(1) & 376(2) - Kesalahan merogol - Inses - Mangsa dirogol oleh abang dan bapa saudara - Sama ada intipati kesalahan merogol telah dibuktikan
PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Rayuan - Penemuan fakta oleh hakim bicara - Sama ada hakim bicara telah gagal membuat penemuan berkenaan saksi kompeten di bawah s. 133A Akta Keterangan 1950 - Sama ada wujud keperluan untuk hakim bicara untuk menerangkan isu undang-undang kepada tertuduh yang tidak diwakili peguam sebelum saksi memberi keterangan
KETERANGAN: Saksi - Saksi kanak-kanak - Keterangan saksi yang berumur 17 tahun - Kanak-kanak yang mentah - Sama ada terdapat keperluan untuk menjalankan ujian permulaan oleh hakim bicara - Sama ada saksi memahami erti sumpah dan kewajipan bercakap benar
KETERANGAN: Keterangan sokongan - Kesalahan merogol - Sama ada factum merogol memerlukan keterangan sokongan
KETERANGAN: Kebolehpercayaan - Saksi - Kesalahan seksual - Kelewatan membuat aduan - Sama ada kegagalan membuat aduan dengan serta merta menjejaskan kebolehpercayaan saksi
KETERANGAN: Inferen bertentangan - Kegagalan memanggil saksi - Pegawai polis yang terlibat dalam penangkapan tertuduh - Sama ada kegagalan mengemukakan saksi yang terlibat dalam penangkapan tertuduh menyebabkan inferen bertentangan terpakai
PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Tertuduh - Tertuduh yang tidak diwakili - Tanggungjawab hakim bicara - Sama ada hakim bicara telah menerangkan isu undang-undang yang berbangkit kepada tertuduh yang tidak diwakili peguam - Sama ada keperluan s. 257 Kanun Acara Jenayah telah dipatuhi
[2013] 1 LNS 1412 RHB BANK BERHAD v. GULA PERAK BERHAD LEGAL PROFESSION: Conflict of interest - Professional conduct - Application to disqualify petitioner's solicitors from representing petitioner - Counsel for petitioner stated that she had no instructions from petitioner to adjourn the proceeding - She had instructions from two other supporting creditors whom her firm represented to object to an adjournment of the winding-up proceedings against the respondent - Whether any basis to respondent's allegation that petitioner's solicitors were in breach of the Legal Profession (Practice and Etiquette) Rules 1978 - Whether proper and in conflict of interest for the firm to object to respondent's application for an adjournment of the hearing of the winding-up proceedings - Whether respondent's application bona fide or to delay the proceedings
[2014] 1 LNS 419 PP v. MUHAMMAD RIDZUAN AB MAJID CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Trial - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Defence's story - Accused gave a set of house keys to Anuar Kicap whilst he and his family were on holiday, and the bag containing the drugs in accused's flat belonged to Anuar - Whether defence was a concocted defence to avoid culpability - Whether accused's defence cast a reasonable doubt on the prosecution's case - Whether accused's defence succeeded in rebutting the statutory presumption of trafficking under s. 37(da) (xvi) - Whether prosecution succeeded in proving Charge 45A-41-10/2012 against the accused beyond all reasonable doubt
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Trial - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Defence's case - Accused's own admission that the smaller packet of ganja from the drawer was his - Whether prosecution had made out a case against the accused beyond all reasonable doubt in respect of Charge 45(O)-44-10/2012 - Whether accused ought to be convicted for possession of 106.9 grams of cannabis
[2014] 1 LNS 449 JEREMY SWEE TECK HEANNE & ANOR v. LOW HAN NEO & ORS PROVIDENT FUND: Beneficiary - Nomination - Second defendant alleged to have forged the signature and thumbprint of his elder brother ("the deceased") in an Employment Provident Fund nomination form and letter of authorisation - Whether the deceased indeed signed and/or was capable of signing or affirming the documents - Whether signatures and thumb print on disputed documents was that of the deceased
EVIDENCE: Adverse inference - Failure to call witness - Deceased was under the care and management of Dr Teo Cheng Peng - Whether failure to call Dr Teo justified the drawing of an adverse inference against plaintiff under s. 114(g) of the Evidence Act 1950 - Whether failure to call him was a gap in plaintiffs' case which seriously undermined it - Whether plaintiffs had discharged burden to show that the deceased did not possess the level of consciousness that was needed to sign and thumbprint the disputed documents

CLJ 2014 Volume 8 (Part 6)

COURT

FEDERAL COURT

PP v. Nolose Albert Raleshome
Raus Sharif PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Ramly Ali FCJJ
(Criminal Law; Evidence - Chemist report - Material contradiction) [2014] 8 CLJ 689 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Jigarlal Kantilal Doshi v. Amanah Raya Bhd & Other Appeals
Abdul Wahab Patail, Lim Yee Lan, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA
(Succession; Civil Procedure - Failure to apply for letters of administration first before obtaining grant of probate) [2014] 8 CLJ 704 [CA]

Natcha Dabkaew v. PP
Azahar Mohamed, Rohana Yusuf, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JJCA
(Criminal Law; Criminal Procedure - Discrepancy in weights of drugs exhibits - Whether explained) [2014] 8 CLJ 719 [CA]

Punithavathi Ponniah v. Ganendra Torquil Ponnusamy Ganendra & Anor
Clement Skinner, Lim Yee Lan, Rohana Yusuf JJCA
(Civil Procedure - Bill of costs - Whether filed within time) [2014] 8 CLJ 735 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Interactive Brokers LLC v. Neo Kim Hock & Ors
Abu Bakar Jais JC
(Civil Procedure - Mareva injunction - Whether there was real risk of dissipation of assets) [2014] 8 CLJ 747 [HC]

Kumarasamy Naciappan lwn. PP
Samsudin Hassan PK
(Undang-undang Syarikat; Prosedur Jenayah - Pengarah-pengarah - Pelanggaran kewajipan) [2014] 8 CLJ 760 [HC]

Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Pahang & Satu Lagi lwn. Cembung Maju Raya Sdn Bhd & Satu Lagi
Mariana Yahya H
(Undang-undang Tanah; Prosedur Sivil - Sama ada transaksi jualan bertentangan dengan peruntukan s. 214A Kanun Tanah Negara) [2014] 8 CLJ 786 [HC]

Voon Yun Kim v. Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd
Chew Soo Ho J
(Tort; Words And Phrases - Trespass to land - Erection of electric pylons) [2014] 8 CLJ 804 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Affidavits - Affidavit in support of application - Application for Mareva injunction by brokerage firm to restrain loan borrowers from disposing of and dealing with their assets - Whether deponent of affidavit in support sworn in affidavit - Whether deponent had personal knowledge of facts sworn in affidavit - Whether s. 114(g) Evidence Act 1950 should be invoked - Rules of Court 2012, O. 14 r. 5
Interactive Brokers LLC v. Neo Kim Hock & Ors
(Abu Bakar Jais JC) [2014] 8 CLJ 747 [HC]

Bill of costs - Taxation - Accrual of cause of action - Application to tax bill of costs - Whether bill of costs filed within time - Whether application to tax bill of costs fell within purview of s. 6(1) of the Limitation Act 1953 - Whether limitation period applied
Punithavathi Ponniah v. Ganendra Torquil Ponnusamy Ganendra & Anor
(Clement Skinner, Lim Yee Lan, Rohana Yusuf JJCA) [2014] 8 CLJ 735 [CA]

Locus standi - Proceedings - Administration of estates - Failure to apply for letters of administration first before obtaining grant of probate - Whether probate wrongfully and unlawfully issued - Whether Amanah Raya Berhad had locus standi to continue trial proceedings on behalf of estate - Whether letters of administration pendente lite could be granted with backward effect - Doctrine of relation back - Whether applicable to give party locus standi to actions commenced, undertaken or continued
Jigarlal Kantilal Doshi v. Amanah Raya Bhd & Other Appeals
(Abdul Wahab Patail, Lim Yee Lan, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA) [2014] 8 CLJ 704 [CA]

Injunction - Mareva injunction - Application for - Default in loan given for buying and selling companies shares - Allegation that matter ought to be decided in arbitration - Application by brokerage firm to restrain loan borrowers from disposing of and dealing with their assets - Whether there was evidence shown that there was real risk of dissipation of assets by loan borrowers - Whether injunction could be granted through arbitration - Whether injunction should be granted by High Court - Arbitration Act 2005, s. 11
Interactive Brokers LLC v. Neo Kim Hock & Ors
(Abu Bakar Jais JC) [2014] 8 CLJ 747 [HC]

Mareva injunction - Abuse of process - Application by brokerage firm to restrain loan borrowers from disposing of and dealing with their assets - Similar application in Singapore High Court - Whether non-disclosure of crucial and relevant facts - Whether amounted to non-compliance of O. 29 r. 1 of Rules of Court 2012 - Whether abuse of court process
Interactive Brokers LLC v. Neo Kim Hock & Ors
(Abu Bakar Jais JC) [2014] 8 CLJ 747 [HC]

CRIMINAL LAW

Dangerous drugs - Trafficking - Accused person convicted on charge of trafficking in 18630g of cannabis - Sentenced to death - Appeal against conviction and sentence - Whether defence mere denial - Discrepancy in weights of drugs exhibits - Whether explained - Whether there was break in chain of evidence - Whether trial judge appreciated defence and cautioned statement - Whether there was non-direction amounting to misdirection - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 s. 39B(1)(a)
Natcha Dabkaew v. PP
(Azahar Mohamed, Rohana Yusuf, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JJCA) [2014] 8 CLJ 719 [CA]

Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Section 39B(1)(a) - Trafficking in 707.5g methamphetamine - Homogenisation of substance - Whether substance homogenised before or during analysis - Material contradiction between chemist's oral evidence and chemist report - Interpretation of words used - Whether prosecution could rely on chemist's oral testimony
PP v. Nolose Albert Raleshome
(Raus Sharif PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Ramly Ali FCJJ) [2014] 8 CLJ 689 [FC]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Exhibits - Break in chain of evidence - Accused person convicted on charge of trafficking in 18630g of cannabis and sentenced to death - Discrepancy in weights of drugs exhibits - Whether explained - Whether there was break in chain of evidence - Whether conviction and sentence safe
Natcha Dabkaew v. PP
(Azahar Mohamed, Rohana Yusuf, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JJCA) [2014] 8 CLJ 719 [CA]

EVIDENCE

Expert evidence - Chemist report - Material contradiction between chemist's oral evidence and chemist report - Interpretation of words used - Whether words employed in chemist report affected propriety of whole report when viewed against oral testimony - Whether prosecution could rely on chemist's oral testimony
PP v. Nolose Albert Raleshome
(Raus Sharif PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Ramly Ali FCJJ) [2014] 8 CLJ 689 [FC]

SUCCESSION

Administration of estates - Grant of probate - Failure to apply for letters of administration first before obtaining grant of probate - Locus standi - Whether Amanah Raya Berhad had locus standi to continue trial proceedings on behalf of estate - Whether letter of administration pendente lite could be granted with backward effect - Doctrine of relation back - Whether applicable to give party locus standi to actions commenced, undertaken or continued
Jigarlal Kantilal Doshi v. Amanah Raya Bhd & Other Appeals
(Abdul Wahab Patail, Lim Yee Lan, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA) [2014] 8 CLJ 704 [CA]

TORT

Trespass to land - Erection of electric pylons - Defendant's contractor entered into plaintiff's land with purported permission from Assistant Collector of Land Revenue - Whether in compliance with ss. 11 & 16 of Electricity Supply Act 1990 - Whether plaintiff had knowledge of defendant's right to enter land - Whether knowledge imputed
Voon Yun Kim v. Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd
(Chew Soo Ho J) [2014] 8 CLJ 804 [HC]

WORDS AND PHRASES

'Registrar' - Sabah Land Ordinance - Whether Assistant Collector of Land Revenue under Land Ordinance falls under definition of 'Registrar' under Electricity Supply Act 1990
Voon Yun Kim v. Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd
(Chew Soo Ho J) [2014] 8 CLJ 804 [HC]

INDEKS PERKARA

PROSEDUR JENAYAH

Perbicaraan - Tanggungjawab mahkamah - Keperluan mematuhi s. 257 Kanun Tatacara Jenayah - Tertuduh diwakili peguam - Sama ada s. 257 terpakai - Sama ada hakim telah menjelaskan cara memberikan keterangan kepada tertuduh - Sama ada alasan penghakiman yang terperinci diberikan - Sama ada penghakiman adalah 'speaking judgment'
Kumarasamy Naciappan lwn. PP
(Samsudin Hassan PK) [2014] 8 CLJ 760 [HC]

Pertuduhan - Pertuduhan cacat - Sama ada pertuduhan mengandungi kesemua elemen kesalahan - Sama ada elemen-elemen pertuduhan dibuktikan - Sama ada pertuduhan menzahirkan kesalahan yang berkait langsung dengan s. 132(1) Akta Syarikat 1965 - Sama ada kes prima facie dibuktikan
Kumarasamy Naciappan lwn. PP
(Samsudin Hassan PK) [2014] 8 CLJ 760 [HC]

PROSEDUR SIVIL

Res judicata - Isu-isu sama dibangkitkan dalam tindakan terdahulu - Permohonan untuk mengenepikan perintah terdahulu - Sama ada isu dan merit kes telah diputuskan oleh mahkamah
Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Pahang & Satu Lagi lwn. Cembung Maju Raya Sdn Bhd & Satu Lagi
(Mariana Yahya H) [2014] 8 CLJ 786 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG SYARIKAT

Pengarah-pengarah - Pelanggaran kewajipan - Pertuduhan di bawah s. 132(1) Akta Syarikat 1965 - Sama ada pertuduhan dibuktikan - Sama ada kes prima facie dibuktikan - Sama ada pembelaan berjaya membangkitkan keraguan munasabah
Kumarasamy Naciappan lwn. PP
(Samsudin Hassan PK) [2014] 8 CLJ 760 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG TANAH

Pindah milik - Tanah ladang - Kanun Tanah Negara, s. 214A - Kegagalan mendapat kelulusan Lembaga Tanah Ladang - Sama ada transaksi jualan bertentangan dengan peruntukan s. 214A - Kegagalan membayar baki harga belian - Sama ada permohonan untuk kelulusan lembaga hanya boleh dibuat setelah baki harga belian dibayar - Obligasi pihak-pihak di bawah perjanjian - Sama ada disempurnakan
Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Pahang & Satu Lagi lwn. Cembung Maju Raya Sdn Bhd & Satu Lagi
(Mariana Yahya H) [2014] 8 CLJ 786 [HC]

ARTICLE

Legal Network Series Article(s)

1. ACT LAW WEEK 2014 ? THE BLACKBURN LECTURE
    THE INDIVIDUAL JUDGE*
[Read excerpt]
    by: THE HON JUSTICE SUSAN KIEFEL AC** [2014] 1 LNS(A) cxii

2. CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR 1970s
    INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION CONVENTIONS
[Read excerpt]
    by: MARIANI ARIFFIN* [2014] 1 LNS(A) cxvi

LEGISLATION HIGHLIGHTS

Principal Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Repealing
ACT 763 Yayasan Guru Tun Hussein Onn Act 2014 Not Yet In Force -Nil-
ACT 762 Goods And Services Tax Act 2014 1 July 2014 - Parts I, II, IV, VI and XVI, ss 10, 11, 17, 18, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 44, 50, 56, 59, 61, 64, 65, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 160, 163, 183, 184 and 197, the First Schedule and Second Schedule to the Act; 1 April 2015 - Parts IX, XIII, XVII and XVIII, ss 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 84, 88, 89, 90, 91, 94, 98, 106, 108, 109, 110, 122, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195 and 196, the Third Schedule and Fourth Schedule to the Act [PU(B) 319/2014] -Nil-
ACT 761 Finance Act 2014 See s 3 for the Income Tax Act; s 33 for the Stamp Act; s 36 for the Petroleum (Income Tax) Act; s 44 for the Real Property Gains Tax Act and s 50 for the Labuan Business Activity Tax Act -Nil-
ACT 760 Fees (Department Of Museums Malaysia) (Validation) Act 2014 1 January 1991 to 11 June 2012 -Nil-
ACT 759 Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 30 June 2013 [PU(B) 277/2013] - except para(s) 1 to 10 of Schedule 9 and para(s) 13 to 19 of Schedule 9 -Nil-

Amending Acts

Number Title Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
ACT A1468 Promotion Of Investments (Amendment) Act 2014 See section 1(1) to 1(33) of the Act ACT 327
ACT A1467 Anti-Money Laundering And Anti-Terrorism Financing (Amendment) Act 2014 8 August 2014 - s 78 only; 1 September 2014 except ss 22 and 26 - 1 October 2014 [PU(B) 400/2014] ACT 613
ACT A1466 Supplementary Supply (2014) Act 2014 25 July 2014 -Nil-
ACT A1465 Private Higher Educational Institutions (Amendment) Act 2014 25 July 2014 ACT 555
ACT A1464 Price Control And Anti-Profiteering (Amendment) Act 2014 1 September 2014 [PU(B) 399/2014] ACT 723

PU(A)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(A) 291/2014 Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing And Proceeds Of Unlawful Activities (Amendment Of First Schedule) Order 2014 5 November 2014 6 November 2014 ACT 613
PU(A) 290/2014 Strategic Trade (Unfreezing Of Property In Relation To Prohibited End-Users) Regulations 2014 4 November 2014 5 November 2014 ACT 708
PU(A) 289/2014 Strategic Trade (Delisting Of Prohibited End-Users) Regulations 2014 4 November 2014 5 November 2014 ACT 708
PU(A) 288/2014 Order Under Section 5 3 November 2014 3 November 2014 ACT 335
PU(A) 287/2014 Excise Duties (Amendment) Order 2014 31 October 2014 1 November 2014 PU(A) 350/2012

PU(B)

Number Title Date of Publication Date coming into force Principal/Amending Act No
PU(B) 495/2014 Notice Of Negative Final Determination Of An Anti-Dumping Duty Investigation With Regard To The Imports Of Seven Wires Pre-Stressed Concrete Strand Originating Or Exported From The People's Republic Of China 31 October 2014 1 November 2014 ACT 504; PU(A) 233/1994
PU(B) 494/2014 Revocation Of Notice Of Affirmative Final Determination Of An Anti-Dumping Duty Investigation With Regard To Imports Of Seven Wires Pre-Stressed Concrete Strand Originating Or Exported From The People's Republic Of China 31 October 2014 1 November 2014 ACT 504; PU(A) 233/1994
PU(B) 493/2014 Appointment And Revocation Of Appointment Of Members Of The Advisory Board 31 October 2014 Appointment - Specified in column (2) of the Schedule; Revocation - 31 October 2014 ACT 190; PU(A) 172/1989
PU(B) 492/2014 Period Of Application For Planting Grant And Replanting Grant 31 October 2014 1 October 2014 to 31 March 2015 PU(A) 234/1994
PU(B) 491/2014 Notification Of Values Of Palm Kernel Under Section 12 31 October 2014 1 November 2014 to 30 November 2014 ACT 235; PU(A) 275/2012
[2014] 1 LNS(A) cxii AUSTRALIA

ACT LAW WEEK 2014 ? THE BLACKBURN LECTURE
THE INDIVIDUAL JUDGE*

by

THE HON JUSTICE SUSAN KIEFEL AC**


The Blackburn Lecture is held each year during Law Week in honour of the late Sir Richard Blackburn OBE, the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT.

This is an edited version of the lecture given by the Hon Justice Susan Kiefel AC in Canberra on 13 May 2014.

I am honoured to present this lecture in memory of Sir Richard Blackburn. Sir Richard had a long and distinguished career as a judge of the Supreme Courts of the Northern Territory and of the ACT, culminating in his appointment as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT.

There can be little doubt that Sir Richard would have understood the demands of judgment writing. He was also a staunch advocate of judicial independence. Judgment writing, independence and collegiality are the themes for my discussion this evening.

Judicial independence is usually understood as involving the independence of the courts from the executive. Since Kable's case,[1] it is sometimes argued in this regard that a statutory provision or executive act is invalid because it impermissibly interferes with the institutional independence of the courts. The courts are comprised of judges. It is therefore necessary that they be able to act independently so as to support the court as an institution.


. . .

* Published with kind permission of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory. See Ethos No. 232 June 2014.

** High Court of Australia


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[2014] 1 LNS(A) cxvi MALAYSIA

CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR 1970s INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION CONVENTIONS

by

MARIANI ARIFFIN*


1. Introduction

At international level, 1970s was an important decade for nature conservation as several multilateral conservation agreements were signed by the international communities during this period. The major four agreements concluded in the 1970s are the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 1973 (CITES), the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat 1971 (Ramsar Convention), the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage 1972 (WHC) and the Convention on the Conservation of migratory Species of Wild Animals 1979 (CMS). They used to be known as the so-called 'big four' international treaties.[1] Whereas individually their respective focuses are limited to certain species or sites, together the conventions formed the centerpiece of international law concerning conservation of wildlife at that time.[2] Apart from being contemporaries, they are international treaties that aim for truly worldwide participation and are not restricted to certain geographical regions or limited to specific single species.

The four conventions, to some extent, complement each other in protecting wildlife. While protection from trade of endangered wildlife species is required by CITES and the protection of migrating animals is governed by the CMS, the protection of the habitats of some of the species is provided by the Ramsar Convention as well as the WHC. Despite the emergence of newer conventions like the 1992 Convention of Biological Diversity, these four treaties continue to be relevant in international conservation efforts until today. Apart from making comparisons and contrasts between these conventions, the wider aim of this discussion is to generate a sense of the extent to which the conventions were products of the 1970s. In order to project the characteristics of the conventions, the discussion takes a thematic approach based on several key issues, namely listing; 'wise use' and implementation responsibilities of parties.


. . .

* Senior Lecturer, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: marianiho@upm.edu.my.


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